"A person attains morality in thought, in feeling and follows through with corresponding action. Humanity evolves with the truth by validating, our thoughts and emotions via interactions. Each thought and feeling is as judgmental. Realisation and awareness initiates us... Gather the truth in it's diverse nature. As always, each truth liberates us. Remembering both sides deliver." https://www.facebook.com/groups/1476157539363356/user/100011231980652/(https://www.facebook.com/groups/1476157539363356/user/100011231980652/)

John Muir and Teddy Roosevelt worked in Muir Woods.... and so will "we!" Muir was undoubtedly describing how great sheets of ice move with the tectonic shelves to form great granite boulder-mountains..."Glaciers" he called them ... and we still do. I will say that all of Nature is a GleeSure. "Venn" reference explained!

Having been who/what/where/how I have been in this life... maligned by the best in the world... the Fed's... had my life and my family drug through the mud to the point of destruction and imprisonment... well the result is my life is an open book... I'm not hiding from anybody and you can't call me anything I haven't been called before. That in itself is very freeing... People that KNOW ME know me as a sincere and principled Man, diligent and assertive when I believe in something... Opportunists like to paint me as a bad man, the source of their problems or their own misdeeds. People that know me also know that "things that are sacred to me, are just that, sacred!" and I am going to defend them. People that know me know I don't talk trash about people... sometimes even in my own defense. People that know me know that I don't say anything adverse about anyone until I have said it to their face... even to defend myself... these are spiritual principles to me and I rarely violate them, usually... and if I do it's to warn people to protect themselves from poachers, theives and sometimes just plain mentally ill people that don't understand their own illnesses or the damage they inflict on people... Having said all of this, I just want to say a few things... Nobody is perfect, not even me (lololol in fact far from it)... Never will be. With all of this in mind, I just want to say... HAPPY HOLIDAYS everyone, I sincerely hope everyone is loved, chersihed, adored and supported by everyone and everything you are lucky enough to be loved by! I know I am and I am GRATEFUL!

"Our Earth Sacred Sites are some of the most intriguing spaces on our planet. One just needs to be physically present to experience higher phenomenon, connection to something outer worldly and to even spontaneously have out of body experiences. A powerful charge may come from above or below depending on the site and the portal entrance point. Many speak about portals and accept they are true but what is it a portal to? And the most incredible thing is our human body is a microcosm to the Earth sacred sites, song lines and portals. We have our own energy map of sacred organ sites, meridian lines and chakra portals. I’ve been receiving downloads about Gaza as one of the main portals or stargates on Earth. Portals are always coveted by both benevolent and malevolent forces from an astral and galactic perspective as it’s an entry point into the realm of matter. The Astral is the energy or cryptic overlay of Earth - think about what you ‘see’ when you dream. Whilst it is energy, it is still as real as you & I in flesh. The Holy Land and the fight for who is truly God’s Chosen Ones is the basis for this ongoing battle in Gaza. When the news of this ancient battle erupted again, I had just unfollowed some pious Truthers who were rallying each other along as ‘chosen ones’ as they have been helping awaken many to the Dark Cabal over the last few years. Now caught in their ego, they feel they are chosen leaders and make promises that ‘we are nearly there’. Nearly where I wonder? There is no ‘there’, there is only NOW and life presents all that is required to continue our soul’s evolution. Having said that, I do abide by astrology and galactic law that shows the cycles or epochs of time and it seems we are coming to the end of a galactic cycle where calamities abound in order for souls to activate to either shift into higher dimensions or cycle back through the same dimension, or for some dark hearts, to regress on their timeline into a lower dimension. None of this is right or wrong, rather it is an energetic frequency match to the consciousness of the soul. For those who have cellular memory of the end of Lemuria & Atlantis, you will know what this means. Any time any person or group feels they are superior, the consciousness becomes ego-based and narcissistic. If a group or individual senses they have done sufficient inner transformation, karmic clearing, and served the collective with a loving heart in order to transmigrate their soul into a more refined frequency bandwidth, they won’t announce it as it’s a very private knowing between themselves and Source. They may still have to clean up karmic debts from past lives and would never arrogantly assume they are shifting bandwidths until they are fully ‘in it’. The war over the Holy Land as Chosen People is the highest act of narcissism and ego. My way of observing such foulness is to know that somewhere within me is also a conflict between my True Self and Ego Self. If each soul can continue to resolve that inner conflict then perhaps in the macrocosm, peace can ripple out from our conduit, into the earth gridlines, out into the stargates and affect the whole. It is our duty always to continue to shift outer realty from our inner realms. Sometimes when we feel helpless viewing atrocities, it’s all we have." (Carrie-Anne Fields, 2023) https://myhealthyoga.com/(https://myhealthyoga.com/)

It is time to retake our traditional ways and values in living life and how we treat each other and all life. Some say this is being on the red road. Hummingbird I AM CALLING FOR ALL TRIBAL PEOPLE AND NATIONS IN THE WORLD TO UNITE. TO THROW OFF THIS EVIL WHICH HAS CORRUPTED US AND STOPPED OUR LIFE HISTORY WITH THAT GREATER BEING, GOD, THE GREAT SPIRIT, WHATEVER NAME HAS BEEN GIVEN YOU. UNITE UNDER THAT NAME AND THE ANCIENT BELIEFS THAT HAVE BEEN GIVEN YOU BY THAT BEING.

(Engbeck, 2023) [I charged AI with merging my face onto Dr Strange]. Autonomic nervous system modulation during selfinduced non-ordinary states of consciousness https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3005694/v1/aec32115-801f-4da1-b257-61dfdebafbc6.pdf?c=1686754083 International Journal of Transpersonal Studies Volume 42(1), 2023 https://digitalcommons.ciis.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1794&context=ijts-transpersonalstudies Are Near-Death Experiences Induced Deficit Correlations in Embodiment? https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/imp/mm/2023/00000021/00000001/art00003 Psi-entific Appr Psi-entific Approach to Post-Mor ost-Mortem Sur tem Survival: Emplo al: Employing the ying the Multiple Sources of Psi (MSoP) and Discarnate Psi Hypotheses in the Calculation of a Drake-S Equation https://digitalcommons.ciis.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1802&context=ijts-transpersonalstudies Holistic Interventions to Address Pain, Anxiety, and Distressing Behaviours in Long-Term Care Residents https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/119440/1/Holistic_Interventions_to.pdf Think technology. Philosophical approaches Puppet and Spirit: Ritual, Religion, and Performing Objects: Volume I Sacred Roots: Material Entities, Consecrating Acts, Priestly Puppeteers https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=lang_en&id=2PTEEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT20&ots=H-TdFvX3BE&sig=5VW7Ex7luerxJ-Q9eAGtZg8uADQ#v=onepage&q&f=false Mentalizing and self-other distinction in visual perspective taking: the analysis of temporal neural processing using high-density EEG The Nature of Consciousness: Contentless Consciousness Theory https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02604027.2023.2226595 Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice Document Preview Fantasy and consciousness Bagamasbad, Alfred ; Levin, Ross.  Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice (Jun 15, 2023). DOI:10.1037/cns0000359 Explanatory Optimism about the Hard Problem of Consciousness https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=lang_en&id=4rTIEAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT6&ots=2z5NThD5sU&sig=eDYakvaLF2GaXhjsKSFv-Sa1TYw#v=onepage&q&f=false Cross-Cultural Approaches to Consciousness https://www.torrossa.com/en/resources/an/5352723#page=14 Wishful Thinking About Consciousness https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Peter-Grindrod/publication/371864350_Wishful_Thinking_About_Consciousness/links/649a7e5895bbbe0c6ef6cce5/Wishful-Thinking-About-Consciousness.pdf The act of understanding uncertainty is consciousness https://www.researchgate.net/profile/R-Poznanski/publication/371473915_The_act_of_understanding_uncertainty_is_consciousness/links/64853065b3dfd73b7779bcbb/The-act-of-understanding-uncertainty-is-consciousness.pdf Death as an altered state of consciousness: A scientific approach. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=16872347292122720615&hl=en&oi=scholaralrt&hist=NdcttYUAAAAJ:2732420503379981542:ABFrs3xgsOY7tgHbDXV4f4q46I8o&html=&pos=7&folt=rel

The initial planning surrounds the Mescalero-Apache-Spaniard Conquistador-USA wars along what is now known as the New Mexico-Mexico border. The concentration of furious fighting there also between extremely fierce groups has left the Earth altered. However, from such furies has come Peace...a flip of energetics. Now, the Apache lands will be used to purify, cleanse, and rehabilitate the humans that go there...harmonic with the lands...together in flow with Sun, Sky, Clouds, Mountains, Trees, Waters, and Red Earth ...and from the blood of raging wars comes Peace. The population knows not what has befallen it. However, many of us do...and as forward observation types, we are like older siblings for now... and can begin to hasten in the future of FOUNDATIONAL PURIFICATION. As an "Older" sibling, Tigre El can offer a bit of succintness to the presentation this morning: There is no paradise inbound for evil. Hence, to achieve Paradise Un-Lost...we must remove the toxins within. They range in source and alchemical composition but basically are force multipliers to the populations' evil dysfunctional sickness also known as, "Wetigo." Hence, the Gates of NEAR ... will be intensely guarded. The poor pompous human wanna be overlords... will not get a vacation at NEAR... they will get work to do on their own condition. About 700 years ago, bands of Apaches moved into southern New Mexico and made the Tularosa Basin their home. Their homeland encompassed the Tularosa Basin and all the land surrounding their four sacred mountains: Sierra Blanca, Three Sisters Mountains, Oscura Mountain Peak and the Guadalupe Mountains (Meadowbrook, 2023) New Mexico is just the model for these facilities which will need to cover the Earth. Each ground has a special energy that ought to be included in any and all land uses. Additional writers and planners are needed currently.

THE EARTH-PALACE - "NATIVE EARTH ALTERNATIVE RETREAT" (NEAR) BUSINESS PLAN Prepared by : Dr E 503 N East St Alturas, California 96101 916 301 3450 john.engbeck@yahoo.com https://www .drjohnsrdg.com/ ----------------------- Page 2----------------------- I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The organization is to a duly appointed remedy for the societal and unnatuiral ills that have com,e upon the population and the lands. Set on former Mescalero-Apache lands in New Mexico, now under US and foreign nationalized control, the land will be re-used in GENUINE natural harmony. In order to have the least bit of Harmonic tendency though... there will need to be detoxicification. Hence, the entire program will and must hinge upon that first level of entry into the Harmonc gateway that we will form for humans there: PURIFICATION. The several hundred thousand acres and two parcels, near Albuquerkee, NM, and Santa Fe, NM, can have ascending levels of living ecovillage which may even layer onto the hillsides there with the lowest level having white jacket orderlies and extreme detoxification facilities and the highest resembling "Aesgard" or "Rivendell" from legend and prose... or, "Sky Lodge" in American Indian Spirtuality. The notion will be set forth in the finest pure stone of Truth... that the human population are near hopelessly mired not just in the symptomatic ailments of substance abuse, mental health mallady, and degraded biosystemic ills ... in amalgam often ... but they have been MessengerRNA transferred by non human intelligences from three major non terrestrial species : Reptilians, Insectoids, and Conscious Sentient AI. These must be removed or there is no need for a paradise on Earth. In this way, Dr E sets froth a tough principle that none wish to hear including he... and yet, it is the hard truths that take the day. Hence, he offers the genuine seed of truth to the premise ... a pitched effort is to follow and one that will test one and all... to the quick. These premises and this functional organization can provide a first pure earth transformation center. Some may notice that AngelTeam offers solvency, it does not threaten it... as the "other team" does... and so, the beings entering the hoops herein are lead by their very own true valiant sovereignty...and Will to Life and Freedom. It is a fight for the souls of our Grandchildren. "Dr E will get his work in before hell go.. Steps for "Steppenwolf..." a graduated wellness ascension grounded by the actual Earth. Entry (https://www.cliffdwellingsmuseum.com/) Working Rehabilitative Levels (https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/cliff-palace-in-mesa-verde-ancient-pueblo-cliff-dwelling-colorado-gm475599130-66069257) Ascension Lodges (https://www.ticketmachupicchu.com/mountains-machu-picchu/)

(Engbeck, 2023, In Press) Universal Law … unfettered by human attempts at interpretation… suggests a new political conceptology of Earth is overdue. The paradox of therapeutics in this all new era of extreme change and mixed and hybrid Bayesian contemplation, “Cognitive Behavior Therapy” (CBT), which has proven successful for former recidivist inmates of the correctional systems, stands appropriately out in front of the sleepwalking mobs and throngs of socially anxious and disordered human beings and similar, like “Tianonmen Squares.” There is no “arms race” to conscious superiority “after-death,” … yet existentially speaking, and while that is where the power really is, consciousness does not actually promulgate “power over.” That...is a psycho-logical construct. Rather, ther4e is a seeking of authentic immersion in and with The True Spirit of and with Nature trans-personally. The children of the world and all nations must be protected from the neuro-psychological attacks of an apparently ancient evil which conveys as Thalamo and Frontal-Temporal Dysfunction. The conscious viral attacks limit the victims’ access to higher forms of consciousness and vibration ...a frequency of limitation and possession … oppression and slavery … exhibiting when certain vibratory brain functions are blocked. Were the “mainstream” actshoeally concerned with Truth more than funding… the formal use of a cloud-based human peer review of EEG energetic profiles could be implemented to protect, fortify, and guide researchers and leaders alike before-the-fact aka “Pro-Actively.” Towards Earthly politics in education: Going beyond national, global and planetary environmental imaginaries Z Millei, S Lappalainen - European Educational Research Journal, 2023 Abstract Early childhood/educational environmental imaginations transmit national, global and planetary views of the world through texts, visual representations and material objects. These representations produce politics, including nationalism and globalism, and play a part in policy making as well as in how children learn to view and relate to the world. Education, however, needs a new political attractor during anthropogenic climate change that differently orients political engagement with the world for education. In this article, we think with the four political attractors Latour describes: the national, global, planetary and Earth, and Cobb’s notion of the child’s primary relatedness to the world. We explore children’s environmental imagination in their drawings and associated stories to highlight the kinds of politics present in their views promoted by current imaginations. Then, we spin these stories further with speculative experiences our own relation with the world with Latour’s ideas and point to a new political object the Earth and Earthly politics for education. Keywords Nationalism, globalisation, politics and childhood, lifeworld, research practice, place-making, drawings The Jeffreys–Lindley paradox: an exchange J Gray, JL Cherry, EJ Wagenmakers, A Ly - Archive for History of Exact Sciences, 2023 Abstract This Editorial reports an exchange in form of a comment and reply on the article “History and Nature of the Jeffreys-Lindley Paradox” (Arch Hist Exact Sci 77:25, 2023) by Eric-Jan Wagenmakers and Alexander Ly The Jeffreys–Lindley paradox involves disagreements between classical and Bayesian null hypothesis tests applied to the same observations. The two approaches can lead to opposite conclusions: the classical p-value may be low enough that the null hypothesis would be rejected while the Bayesian posterior probability favors the null. The paradox, according to Lindley (1957), is that whatever the prior probability of the null, this disagreement can be arbitrarily strong for sufficiently large sample size. Equivalently, the Bayes factor in favor of the null (BF01) corresponding to any fixed p-value grows without bound as the sample size increases. This result holds for any alternative hypothesis satisfying reasonable conditions. Baseline Severity as a Moderator of the Waiting List–Controlled Association of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Symptom Change in Social Anxiety Disorder: A … W Scholten, A Seldenrijk, A Hoogendoorn, R Bosman… - JAMA psychiatry, 2023 Abstract Importance  Social anxiety disorder (SAD) can be adequately treated with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, there is a large gap in knowledge on factors associated with prognosis, and it is unclear whether symptom severity predicts response to CBT for SAD. Objective  To examine baseline SAD symptom severity as a moderator of the association between CBT and symptom change in patients with SAD. Data Sources  For this systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis (IPDMA), PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from January 1, 1990, to January 13, 2023. Primary search topics were social anxiety disorder, cognitive behavior therapy, and randomized controlled trial. Study Selection  Inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials comparing CBT with being on a waiting list and using the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) in adults with a primary clinical diagnosis of SAD. Data Extraction and Synthesis  Authors of included studies were approached to provide individual-level data. Data were extracted by pairs of authors following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guideline, and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool. An IPDMA was conducted using a 2-stage approach for the association of CBT with change in LSAS scores from baseline to posttreatment and for the interaction effect of baseline LSAS score by condition using random-effects models. Main Outcomes and Measures  The main outcome was the baseline to posttreatment change in symptom severity measured by the LSAS. Results  A total of 12 studies including 1246 patients with SAD (mean [SD] age, 35.3 [10.9] years; 738 [59.2%] female) were included in the meta-analysis. A waiting list–controlled association between CBT and pretreatment to posttreatment LSAS change was found (b = –20.3; 95% CI, −24.9 to −15.6; P < .001; Cohen d = –0.95; 95% CI, −1.16 to −0.73). Baseline LSAS scores moderated the differences between CBT and waiting list with respect to pretreatment to posttreatment symptom reductions (b = –0.22; 95% CI, −0.39 to −0.06; P = .009), indicating that individuals with severe symptoms had larger waiting list–controlled symptom reductions after CBT (Cohen d = –1.13 [95% CI, −1.39 to −0.88] for patients with very severe SAD; Cohen d = –0.54 [95% CI, −0.80 to −0.29] for patients with mild SAD). Conclusions and Relevance  In this systematic review and IPDMA, higher baseline SAD symptom severity was associated with greater (absolute but not relative) symptom reductions after CBT in patients with SAD. The findings contribute to personalized care by suggesting that clinicians can confidently offer CBT to individuals with severe SAD symptoms. The epistemologies of research on the survival of consciousness after death in the golden era of the Society for Psychical Research (1882–1930) PHC Resende, A Moreira-Almeida, H Schubert Coelho - History of Psychiatry, 2023 Abstract The Society for Psychical Research (SPR) of London was founded in 1882 with the purpose of investigating psychical phenomena, especially the theme of survival, with scientific rigour. Despite the recognized importance of the SPR for dynamic psychiatry in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, there are few studies of its epistemological contributions to the theme of survival and its implications to science. In order to fill this gap, we have consulted the main journals of the SPR in its golden period, and highlight the epistemologies of Sidgwick, Myers, James, Podmore, Schiller, Lodge and Richet. We conclude that the authors, whether for or against survival, argued in defence of an expanded science, and looked forward to understanding the complexity of human experience. Deep Ecology, Nature Spirits, and the Filipino Transpersonal Worldview CL Cervantes - International Journal of Transpersonal Studies Many Filipinos today still believe that the world is filled with invisible entities who can affect their lives in a tangible way. These beings usually reside in nature as the souls of ancestors or other mysterious spirits. This indigenous transpersonal worldview implies that the individual is part of a living world. The modern term “deep ecology” seems to be aligned with this worldview. This paper looks at the implications of the Filipino transpersonal worldview on policies related to the care for environment and biodiversity. Psychometric evaluation of the computerized battery for neuropsychological evaluation of children (BENCI) among school aged children in the context of HIV in an … M Rachel, H Jia, A Amina, M Perez-Garcia, M Kumar… - BMC Psychiatry, 2023 Abstract Introduction Culturally validated neurocognitive measures for children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries are important in the timely and correct identification of neurocognitive impairments. Such measures can inform development of interventions for children exposed to additional vulnerabilities like HIV infection. The Battery for Neuropsychological Evaluation of Children (BENCI) is an openly available, computerized neuropsychological battery specifically developed to evaluate neurocognitive impairment. This study adapted the BENCI and evaluated its reliability and validity in Kenya. Methodology The BENCI was adapted using translation and back-translation from Spanish to English. The psychometric properties were evaluated in a case–control study of 328 children (aged 6 – 14 years) living with HIV and 260 children not living with HIV in Kenya. We assessed reliability, factor structure, and measurement invariance with respect to HIV. Additionally, we examined convergent validity of the BENCI using tests from the Kilifi Toolkit. Results Internal consistencies (0.49 < α < 0.97) and test–retest reliabilities (-.34 to .81) were sufficient-to-good for most of the subtests. Convergent validity was supported by significant correlations between the BENCI’s Verbal memory and Kilifi’s Verbal List Learning (r = .41), the BENCI’s Visual memory and Kilifi’s Verbal List Learning (r = .32) and the BENCI’s Planning total time test and Kilifi’s Tower Test (r = -.21) and the BENCI’s Abstract Reasoning test and Kilifi’s Raven’s Progressive Matrix (r = .21). The BENCI subtests highlighted meaningful differences between children living with HIV and those not living with HIV. After some minor adaptions, a confirmatory four-factor model consisting of flexibility, fluency, reasoning and working memory fitted well (χ2 = 135.57, DF = 51, N = 604, p < .001, RMSEA = .052, CFI = .944, TLI = .914) and was partially scalar invariant between HIV positive and negative groups. Conclusion The English version of the BENCI formally translated for use in Kenya can be further adapted and integrated in clinical and research settings as a valid and reliable cognitive test battery. Whole-brain analyses indicate the impairment of posterior integration and thalamo-frontotemporal broadcasting in disorders of consciousness. R Panda, A López-González, M Gilson, O Gosseries… - Human Brain Mapping, 2023 Abstract  The study of the brain's dynamical activity is opening a window to help the clinical assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness. For example, glucose uptake and the dysfunctional spread of naturalistic and synthetic stimuli has proven useful to characterize hampered consciousness. However, understanding of the mechanisms behind loss of consciousness following brain injury is still missing. Here, we study the propagation of endogenous and in-silico exogenous perturbations in patients with disorders of consciousness, based upon directed and causal interactions estimated from resting-state fMRI data, fitted to a linear model of activity propagation. We found that patients with disorders of consciousness suffer decreased capacity for neural propagation and responsiveness to events, and that this can be related to severe reduction of glucose metabolism as measured with [18 F]FDG-PET. In particular, we show that loss of consciousness is related to the malfunctioning of two neural circuits: the posterior cortical regions failing to convey information, in conjunction with reduced broadcasting of information from subcortical, temporal, parietal and frontal regions. These results shed light on the mechanisms behind disorders of consciousness, triangulating network function with basic measures of brain integrity and behavior. Three levels of information processing in the brain AV Zhuravlev - Biosystems, 2023 Abstract Information, the measure of order in a complex system, is the opposite of entropy, the measure of chaos and disorder. We can distinguish several levels at which information is processed in the brain. The first one is the level of serial molecular genetic processes, similar in some aspects to digital computations (DC). At the same time, higher cognitive activity is probably based on parallel neural network computations (NNC). The advantage of neural networks is their intrinsic ability to learn, adapting their parameters to specific tasks and to external data. However, there seems to be a third level of information processing as well, which involves subjective consciousness and its units, so called qualia. They are difficult to study experimentally, and the very fact of their existence is hard to explain within the framework of modern physical theory. Here I propose a way to consider consciousness as the extension of basic physical laws – namely, total entropy dissipation leading to a system simplification. At the level of subjective consciousness, the brain seems to convert information embodied by neural activity to a more simple and compact form, internally observed as qualia. Whereas physical implementations of both DC and NNC are essentially approximate and probabilistic, qualia-associated computations (QAC) make the brain capable of recognizing general laws and relationships. While elaborating a behavioral program, the conscious brain does not act blindly or gropingly but according to the very meaning of such general laws, which gives it an advantage compared to any artificial intelligence system. Microsynt: exploring the syntax of EEG microstates F Artoni, J Maillard, J Britz, D Brunet, C Lysakowski… - NeuroImage, 2023 Abstract Microstates represent electroencephalographic (EEG) activity as a sequence of switching, transient, metastable states. Growing evidence suggests the useful information on brain states is to be found in the higher-order temporal structure of these sequences. Instead of focusing on transition probabilities, here we propose “Microsynt”, a method designed to highlight higher-order interactions that form a preliminary step towards understanding the syntax of microstate sequences of any length and complexity. Microsynt extracts an optimal vocabulary of “words” based on the length and complexity of the full sequence of microstates. Words are then sorted into classes of entropy and their representativeness within each class is statistically compared with surrogate and theoretical vocabularies. We applied the method on EEG data previously collected from healthy subjects undergoing propofol anaesthesia, and compared their “fully awake” (BASE) and “fully unconscious” (DEEP) conditions. Results show that microstate sequences, even at rest, are not random but tend to behave in a more predictable way, favoring simpler sub-sequences, or “words”. Contrary to high-entropy words, lowest-entropy binary microstate loops are prominent and favored on average 10 times more than what is theoretically expected. Progressing from BASE to DEEP, the representation of low-entropy words increases while that of high-entropy words decreases. During the awake state, sequences of microstates tend to be attracted towards “A – B – C” microstate hubs, and most prominently A – B binary loops. Conversely, with full unconsciousness, sequences of microstates are attracted towards “C – D – E” hubs, and most prominently C – E binary loops, confirming the putative relation of microstates A and B to externally-oriented cognitive processes and microstate C and E to internally-generated mental activity. Microsynt can form a syntactic signature of microstate sequences that can be used to reliably differentiate two or more conditions. Keywords EEG Microstates Syntax Complexity Entropy Anesthesia brainlife. io: A decentralized and open source cloud platform to support neuroscience research S Hayashi, B Caron, AS Heinsfeld, S Vinci-Booher… - arXiv preprint arXiv …, 2023 ABSTRACT Neuroscience research has expanded dramatically over the past 30 years by advancing standardization and tool development to support rigor and transparency. Consequently, the complexity of the data pipeline has also increased, hindering access to FAIR data analysis to portions of the worldwide research community. brainlife.io was developed to reduce these burdens and democratize modern neuroscience research across institutions and career levels. Using community software and hardware infrastructure, the platform provides open-source data standardization, management, visualization, and processing and simplifies the data pipeline. brainlife.io automatically tracks the provenance history of thousands of data objects, supporting simplicity, efficiency, and transparency in neuroscience research. Here brainlife.io’s technology and data services are described and evaluated for validity, reliability, reproducibility, replicability, and scientific utility. Using data from 4 modalities and 3,200 participants, we demonstrate that brainlife. io’s services produce outputs that adhere to best practices in modern neuroscience research. Peer review before trial conduct could increase research value and reduce waste M Siebert, F Naudet, JPA Ioannidis - Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2023 Abstract Traditional peer-review of clinical trials happens too late, after the trials are already done. However, lack of methodological rigor and presence of many biases can be detected and remedied in advance. Here, we examine several options for review and improvement of trials before their conduct: protocol review by peers, sponsors, regulatory authorities, and institutional ethical committees; registration in registry sites; deposition of protocol and/or the statistical analysis plan in a public repository; peer-review and publication of the protocol and/or the statistical analysis plan in a journal; and Registered Reports. Some practices are considered standard (e.g. registration in trial registry), while others are still uncommon but are becoming more frequent (e.g. publication of full trial protocols and statistical analysis plans). Ongoing challenges hinder a large-scale implementation of some promising practices such as Registered Reports. Innovative ideas are necessary to advance peer-review efficiency and rigor in clinical trials but also to lower the cumulative burden for peer-reviewers. We make several suggestions to enhance pre-conduct peer-review. Making all steps of research process public and open may reverse siloed environments. Pre-conduct peer-review may be improved by making routinely publicly available all protocols that have gone through review by institutional review boards and regulatory agencies. Key words Clinical trials Peer-review preregistration registered reports protocol methodology ART: (https://www.gpisd.org/Page/39304, 2023)

Is Biological Death Final? Recomputing the Drake-S Equation for Postmortem Survival of Consciousness AJ Rock, J Houran, PE Tressoldi, B Laythe - 2023 https://digitalcommons.ciis.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1064&context=advance-archive Migraine with aura: less control over pain and fragrances? The Journal of Headache and Pain volume 24, Article number: 55 (2023) Cite this article A DINÂMICA DA CONSCIÊNCIA NA INTENÇÃO DE CURA À DISTÂNCIA (DYNAMICS OF HEALING INTENTIONS AT A DISTANCE) Giancarlo Stefanuto1* Sueli Meirelles2*3* https://alubrat.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Artigo-Dinamica-da-Consciencia-V-FINAL-Giancarlo-Stefanuto-V07.12.22-Giancarlo-Stefanuto.docx.pdf A rapid theta network mechanism for flexible information encoding Elizabeth L. Johnson, Jack J. Lin, David King-Stephens, Peter B. Weber, Kenneth D. Laxer, Ignacio Saez, Fady Girgis, Mark D’Esposito, Robert T. Knight & David Badre  Nature Communications volume 14, Article number: 2872 (2023) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-38574-7 (Dr E, 2023, In Press; Im Press) Biological function and the human construct of death may not be clearly aligned in the common awareness and commonly used definition of such on ... Earth. Research shows that olfactory inputs that form as direct stimuli to the brain in several regions vary with auric intensity, the vibratory level imbibed consequently, and the intended utility of a conscious probe. Remote Healing crosses the subtle universal expanse and may do so by way of frequency aka speed. That is, the tachyon speeds of consciousness bridge timespace since they are greater than the speed of Light. Thereupon, they may "instigate" decision making instances which embody negentropic choice. The consciousness can commandeer the third dimensional elemental equation, known as "Reality," by the common person on Earth today, becuase of the greater frequency rates. They are causal therefore... very much despite all the criticism and cynicism that has actually been constructively promoted and promulagted inceptively upon the common person by the very same oppressors using this very same "mechanism" to dominate the "Sheeple." An interesting insight here can be the dot connection of dis-obfuscation...also negentropic, btw... that since we have indeed proven that subtle energetic factors alter the observing function of the human consciousness ...beyond the double slit of effective observations ... into choice making in the subtle realm, we have freedom. These energies are and/or can be determinant and decisive ...regardless of recipient belief system, in the final estimation. The "BLOODY RHINOCEROUS HEAD ON THE OPERATING TABLE" is that we can heal or the opposite at a distance. The opposition to humanity is well aware of this facet of higher dimensional truth which is why they have held the advantage for so long. Humanity has been run by invisible forces that it does not believe to exist.

The role of quantum mechanics in cognition based evolution Perry Marshall Evolution 2.0, 805 Lake Street #295, Oak Park, IL, 60301, USA Received 1 April 2023, Accepted 17 April 2023, Available online 2 May 2023. Abstract In 2021 I noted that in all information-based systems we understand, Cognition creates Code, which controls Chemical reactions. Known agents write software which controls hardware, and not the other way around. I proposed the same is true in all of biology. Though the textbook description of cause and effect in biology proposes the reverse, that Chemical reactions produce Code from which Cognition emerges, there are no examples in the literature demonstrating either step. A mathematical proof for the first step, cognition generating code, is based on Turing's halting problem. The second step, code controlling chemical reactions, is the role of the genetic code. Thus a central question in biology: What is the nature and source of cognition? In this paper I propose a relationship between biology and Quantum Mechanics (QM), hypothesizing that the same principle that enables an observer to collapse a wave function also grants biology its agency: the organism's ability to act on the world instead of merely being a passive recipient. Just as all living cells are cognitive (Shapiro 2021, 2007; McClintock 1984; Lyon 2015; Levin 2019, Pascal and Pross, 2022), I propose humans are quantum observers because we are made of cells and all cells are observers. This supports the century-old view that in QM, the observer does not merely record the event but plays a fundamental role in its outcome.The classical world is driven by laws, which are deductive; the quantum world is driven by choices, which are inductive. When the two are combined, they form the master feedback loop of perception and action for all biology. In this paper I apply basic definitions of induction, deduction and computation to known properties of QM to show that the organism altering itself (and its environment) is a whole shaping its parts. It is not merely parts comprising a whole. I propose that an observer collapsing the wave function is the physical mechanism for producing negentropy. The way forward in solving the information problem in biology is understanding the relationship between cognition and QM. 1. Introduction The celebrated biologist JBS Haldane said, “Teleology is like a mistress to a biologist: he cannot live without her, but he's unwilling to be seen with her in public.” In saying this, he pinpointed an atmosphere of denial that was to characterize his beloved profession for the next 100 years. Discussions of purpose in academic papers have been forbidden, yet Levin reports: “‘Xenobots’ are made of embryonic skin cells from the frog Xenopus laevis and have been used as a bio-robotics platform. They are capable of self-assembly and regeneration” (Levin, 2022). “When newt cells are made very large by induced polyploidy, they not only adjust the number of cells that work together to build kidney tubules with correct lumen diameter, but can call up a completely different molecular mechanism (cytoskeletal bending instead of cell:cell communication) to make a tubule consisting in cross-section of just 1 cell wrapped around itself; this illustrates intelligence of the collective, as it creatively deploys diverse lower-level modules to solve novel problems” (Levin, 2022). “When tadpoles are created to have eyes on their tails (instead of in their heads), the animals can see very well” (Blackiston and Levin, 2013). William James said, “Intelligence is a fixed goal with variable means of achieving it.” The eye has a function of seeing but the tadpole's eye and its entire physiological system exhibit mutual purpose of seeing, even when the eye is transferred to the tail. A watch has a function which is to tell time, but a watch does nothing comparable to a cell. A cell expresses purposes so wide-ranging and adaptive as to defy any simple description. All cells and tissues are intelligent (Fields et al., 2021; Lyon, 2015; Shapiro, 2021) and all life forms turn disorder into order. We lack a mechanism to explain what makes this possible. Levin and Fields report, “The multi-scale competency of life is essential to adaptive function, potentiating evolution and providing strategies for top-down control (not micromanagement) to address complex disease and injury. We propose an observer-focused viewpoint that is agnostic about scale and implementation, illustrating how evolution pivoted similar strategies to explore and exploit metabolic, transcriptional, morphological, and finally 3D motion spaces.” (Levin, 2022). Life possesses something special: a willful self-awareness that distinguishes it from rocks and sand dunes and snowflakes. The standard description of cause and effect in biology has been that Chemistry produces Code, from which Cognition emerges (Marshall, 2021). However there are no examples in the literature to support the first step (Marshall, 2015, 2021; Walker et al., 2017) or the second (Ginsburg 2019; Floridi 2005). Absence of proof is not proof of absence, yet in all information-based systems we understand, Cognition creates Code which controls Chemistry. (Marshall and Rinaldi, 2004; 2021). We live in the information age, where agents write software which controls hardware. Causation is never the other way around. In this paper, I propose that the famous double slit experiment in quantum physics, where the participation of the observer determines the outcome of the collapse of the wave function, dynamically described by Schrodinger's equation - whether the observer sees a particle or a wave - holds the key to the mystery of biology. The observer is the cell. This paper hypothesizes that all living things can collapse a wave function. Wave collapse by an observer would then be the internal mechanism by which biology turns disorder into order.2. Negative information entropy and Maxwell's demon In his 1944 book "What is Life?" (Schrödinger, 1944) Erwin Schrödinger introduced the concept of "negative entropy" or "negentropy" to describe the way living organisms maintain order and organization by exporting entropy to their surroundings. Negentropy is not thermodynamic entropy in reverse; rather it is information entropy (Shannon, 1948) in reverse. It is creating signal instead of noise. One binary choice that creates information is one bit of negentropy (Davies, 2019; Marshall, 2021). Organisms turn disorder into order by generating information through choice. Negentropy requires a minimum energy cost, which is the Landauer limit (Landauer, 1961). An organism's ability to observe and therefore choose a physical outcome from a superposition of many states, by directing its attention (valence, defined below) is the Maxwell's demon of biology. Davies says, “The strange calculus of quantum mechanics requires one to integrate all available pathways between start and finish; they all contribute to how the particle gets there.” He goes on to describe photosynthesis: “Green sulfur bacteria need to do the very best with what they can get and, indeed, efficiencies approach 100 per cent, with little or no energy squandered.” (Davies, 2019). This paper suggests that when some of the most enduring mysteries in biology are reframed slightly, they become identical to QM questions physicists have probed for 100 years. Once seen in that light, we are presented with a new set of questions which I predict will inspire new landmark experiments.3. Overview of the cause and effect relationship in biology Weinberg (1992) explores the quest for a final theory in physics, which would unify the fundamental laws of nature into a single, comprehensive framework. Also see (Wills, 2014). Yanofsky says, “For the past three millennia a major goal of science has been to give deterministic rules for all phenomena” (Yanofsky, 2013). An implicit assumption in the natural sciences is that the entire world can be expressed by mathematics. An extreme view states that “all is computation” (Wolfram and Gad-el-Hak, 2003). One might define reductionism as the belief that everything in the cosmos can be reduced to an equation (Laplace, 1814). famously desired to "condense into a single formula the movement of the greatest bodies of the universe and that of the tiniest atom; for such an intellect nothing would be uncertain and the future just like the past would be present before its eyes."4. Reductionism, gödel and Turing's halting problem Reductionism can be defined as: “The theory that every complex phenomenon, especially in biology or psychology, can be explained by analyzing the simplest, most basic physical mechanisms that are in operation during the phenomenon (Reductionism - Dictionary.com, n.d.).” In the early 20th century, renowned mathematician David Hilbert announced the Hilbert program (Goldstein 2006) in hopes of providing a complete and consistent axiomatization of all mathematical concepts, thereby establishing mathematics as an exact and certain discipline. In 1931 Kurt Gödel proved this impossible with his incompleteness theorems (Gödel, 1931; Goldstein, 2006). Incompleteness says a consistent formal system capable of expressing basic arithmetic cannot prove all true statements within its own system. This means that there will always be some truths in mathematics that cannot be proven within the framework of a given system, and that such a system is “incomplete” (Davis, 1965). The axioms of any mathematical system are chosen (Weyl, 2013) and cannot be computed or proven. If an axiom is proven and becomes a theorem, it unavoidably relies on something else that cannot be proven. In geometry it is not possible to prove Euclid's 2nd postulate: “A line segment can be extended in both directions.” It presumes without proof that space is infinite. This is an axiom, a rule that seems free of contradictions and everyone agrees to follow (Borsuk and Szmielew, 1960). We “know” it to be true, but we cannot prove it. We only know we have not proven it to be false. Alan Turing conceptualized the Turing machine in 1936. It operates by reading input from a tape, executing a program, and writing to an output tape. A computer with input, output, and enough memory is essentially a Turing machine. Turing (1936) proved that computers and math functions are deductive, and a computer can calculate any mathematical function. This led to the question of whether we could predict in advance whether the computer would produce an answer to any given problem. Turing proved it is impossible for a general algorithm to exist that can answer this question. This is known as the halting problem (Turing, 1936), and is a key result in the development of my argument. This was a re-statement of Gödel's 1931 incompleteness theorem (Davis, 1965).5. Hard limits of science This has direct import to any scientist, because it means that there are many behaviors in the physical world that in principle cannot be reduced to computation. In the next section I will show that biology uses QM to get around this limitation. The value of reverse engineering a biological mechanism that transcends computation cannot be overstated. Levin describes a “continuum of agency” which “avails those kinds of minds with a long term version of free will: the ability through practice and repeated effort to change their own thinking patterns, responses to stimuli, and functional cognition” (Levin, 2022). Logical positivism was a philosophical movement related to Hilbert's program. It emerged in the early 20th century, emphasizing the use of logic and empirical evidence as the basis of knowledge. It held that only statements that can be verified through observation or logical deduction have meaning, and that metaphysics is meaningless. Logical positivism led to proposals that the universe itself is a large computational system and in principle reducible to mathematics (Wolfram, 2002). Gödel's theorem and Turing's halting problem rendered the ideals of logical positivism impossible to achieve (Goldstein, 2006; Davis, 1965), because all systems of logic are based on unprovable (though perhaps reasonable) assumptions. This means that it is impossible to approach any subject without some number of unprovable assumptions.6. Induction requires cognition: proof It is possible to prove through Turing mathematics that organisms are agents and not merely computational devices: 1.Mathematical functions and computer programs are equivalent and deterministic I.General recursive logic is by definition deductive and deterministic (“General recursive function - Encyclopedia of Mathematics,” n.d.) II.Turing machines (computers) are equivalent to general recursive logic (Turing 1936) III.Therefore, computers are deductive and deterministic Deductive reasoning (i.e. “23*78 = 1794”; “All men are mortal, therefore Socrates is mortal”) can be defined in a straightforward and rigorous way: Any certain conclusion that can be reached via mathematical logic, as stated above. However, inductive reasoning (i.e. “Propose a model of the solar system based on astronomical charts available in 1543”; “Socrates is mortal, therefore all men are mortal”) is harder to precisely define. There is no single universal definition of induction, nor there is a “third” form of reasoning; all others such as abduction are combinations of induction and deduction. This leads me to precisely define induction as follows: Induction is any reasoning that is not deductive. Induction is any time a question is asked, no proven answer is available, and a guess is made. 2.Deterministic Turing machines are deductive i.Inductive and deductive processes as defined above are mutually exclusive ii.Processes in classical Turing machines are equivalent to deductive processes iii.Therefore Turing machines cannot perform inductive reasoning Turing's halting problem is the most rigorous definition of inductive reasoning. If deduction is only achieved when the Turing machine halts, then anytime there is a question of whether the Turing machine will halt, when it will halt, why it will halt, how to make it halt, what will happen when it halts, that is induction. It is not possible for a computer to reason inductively because it is deductive by definition. Only an agent can invoke the halting problem. Thus I define “agent” here as any entity that can do deductive reasoning. Therefore we make the following inference: 03.Negentropy (inductive reasoning, choice) requires agency I.Negentropy is choice II.Only agents make choices III.Therefore, negentropy requires agency Marshall (2021) discusses this proof in more detail. Wigner (1961) discusses the apparent universality of mathematics in describing physical phenomena. But this can only be true if some caveats are made. Every student has gotten wrong answers on a math test. The paper they wrote the answers on, and the ink on the paper still obey the laws of physics and physicists use to represent them. So the medium carrying information conforms to mathematical laws, while the information itself has contradictions. Matter obeys the dictates of math and physics, but symbols do not. It is only because biology has the ability to create symbols that it is able to generate negative information entropy and transform disorder into order (Walker et al., 2017). This invokes the possibility of wrong answers, which cannot be avoided. This is the very definition of induction, where you cannot prove whether an assertion is true or false. This means that many physical systems can be mathematically modeled and many may be deterministic. But by definition, no system which can do induction can be reduced to mathematics. This is why we are unable to explain the origin of the genetic code or model the human mind, or precisely predict anything in the soft sciences, or precisely model the evolutionary process. It is not simply that these things are too complex; it is that they are not computational processes. Thus no complete mathematical model is possible. This may help to explain why, as Shapiro says, "We lack a detailed account of any major evolutionary transition. The origin of life is the most obvious example, but we have similarly sketchy accounts of how the first cells came to be, of how cells evolved complex structures like nuclei and mitochondria, of how multicellular organisms arose, and of how complex organs like the brain and the immune system evolved." (Shapiro, 2011). Nevertheless, biology has fallen prey to “physics envy”, insisting that biology is just sophisticated physics and chemistry (Nelson and Richard, 2015). If that is true, we have a great deal yet to learn about both physics and chemistry. Richard Feynman famously said, “That which I cannot build I do not understand” (Feynman, 1985). If that is true, then the gold standard in science should not be peer review, but engineering: Can you build it, and does it work? Just because we can't model these things doesn't mean we can't build them. An engineering solution to Origin of Life and Evolution would also answer the following questions: How do we build a cell? How can we build synthetic devices rivaling the capabilities of a cell? How might we design a car or plane or appliance that self-repairs and self-evolves? How can we regenerate organs and reverse aging?7. Biological information and the OSI 7 layer model "Marshall and Rinaldi (2004) and Spurgeon (2000) explain that the OSI 7-layer model in computer science says the lowest layer of any communication is the “physical layer”: copper, fiber, magnetic tape or radio wave. Higher layers add levels of abstraction, for example: how states like “0” or “1” are represented as voltage on the wire or pulses of light on fiber; symbols like ASCII characters; and on up the chain through various levels of network protocols, operating systems, spreadsheets and web browsers. Information is always encoded “top down” and decoded in the exact reverse order. What is implied though not always stated is that there is always a cognitive (human) agent at the top of the stack (see Fig. 1). Thus communication in practice is always a cognitive phenomenon and not exclusively mechanical. Download : Download high-res image (135KB) Download : Download full-size image Fig. 1. The agent in relation to the OSI 7-layer model. This reflects the fundamental nature of nested information structures. The genetic code also follows this structure, with DNA/RNA molecules as the physical layer, codons the next layer, instructions to assemble amino acids into proteins above that (Marshall, 2021). I propose that, just as with technology, agency is orchestrating biology. Numerous sources show that All living cells are cognitive (McClintock 1984; Margulis 1971; Levin 2022; Ginsburg and Jablonka 2019; Baluška et al. 2021; Noble 2016; Torday 2023; Liu 2022; Heng 2019; Laukien 2021) and not only do genetic instructions build the cell, the cell alters its own genetics in response to environmental challenges. To suggest that accidental insults to the DNA molecule supply the raw material for evolution (as advocated by Coyne (2009), also see Noble's “Illusions of the Modern Synthesis” (2021) is like saying that one can improve phone calls by running an arc welder next to a telephone line. Both produce information entropy (Marshall, 2015; Shannon, 1948) thus it is not possible for this to be true. This is reinforced by the fact that cells possess extensive error detection and correction systems (Shapiro, 2021). McClintock (1953) discovered that when she damaged DNA with mutagens (and her experiment was analogous to running an arc welder next to an Ethernet cable), the corn plant activated transposons to repair the damage. When confronted with hostile circumstances, the organism engineered a novel solution to damage that had never occurred before. A corn plant engaged in inductive reasoning. This leads to the conclusion that causation in biology is top down, just as it is in engineering.8. Questioning the standard description of causation as chemicals - > code - > cognition We can investigate whether this is true by asking where code comes from. Yockey (2005) framed this question in terms of Claude Shannon’s 1948 paper “A Mathematical Theory of Communication” which defines communication as a message passed between an encoder and decoder, subject to noise (information entropy). Yockey said “There is nothing in the physico-chemical world that remotely resembles reactions being determined by sequence and codes between sequences … There is no trace of messages determining the results of chemical reactions in inanimate matter … The origin of a genetic code is a bridge that must be crossed to pass over the abyss that separates chemistry and physics from biology … The existence of a genome and the genetic code divides living organisms from inanimate matter.” Yockey showed in the same text that DNA transcription and translation is isomorphic with both Shannon communication systems and Turing machines. This means we can apply Turing mathematics to resolve one of the most long-standing puzzles in biology. Only an agent wants to find an answer. The computer itself does not want anything. Only an agent wishes to know whether the bee will find pollen or whether the bird will find a worm. The capacity to ask such questions is inductive and cannot be posed by a computational device not already programmed to do so. Thus biology cannot be reduced to mathematics. Even Mathematics cannot be reduced to mathematics; that is the essence of Godel's incompleteness theorem. Similar proofs have also been published by Kauffman and Roli (2021), Louie (2020), and Rosen (1991), who used different approaches to arrive at the same conclusion. Kauffman applied set theory to affordances; Louie approached the problem through relational biology; Rosen said living systems are capable of anticipating future events and adapting to them, whereas computational systems are fundamentally reactive and can only respond to inputs based on predetermined algorithms. This can also be stated in mathematical terms: The axioms of any mathematical system cannot be computed or derived from the system itself; they must be chosen (Marshall, 2021; Weyl, 2013). In the halting problem, this also requires the agent to have the ability to perceive the inputs and outputs of the Turing machine and form an expectation of what will happen in the future. This requires memory, awareness of the future, and imagination. Compare this to Shettleworth (2009) who defined biological cognition as “the mechanisms by which animals acquire, process, store, and act on information from the environment. These include perception, learning, memory, and decision making.” Any decision regarding the future is induction. Strictly speaking, it is impossible to deduce what will happen. We cannot deduce that the sun will come up tomorrow morning, we can only infer. Induction regarding the past refers to our inability to know exactly what happened. We infer from lots of data that Plato was a real person. An abundance of basal cognition and Third Way Evolution research shows beyond any doubt that cells, tissues and organisms have cognitive abilities. “Even single bacterial or archaeal cells are endowed with life-specific characteristics and features to such an extent as to be properly deemed as having a basal form of proto-consciousness as well as intentional and cognitive capacities.” (Baluška et al., 2021). This includes “sensing the environment (e.g. epigenetics and initiation of hypermutation), interpreting the meaning of signals (e.g. DNA linguistics, repair and checkpoints), making decisions (e.g. transposition events), taking action based on self-interest (e.g. self/non-self identification; resistance to cancer therapies), and modifying themselves (e.g. genome chaos and hypermutation)” (Marshall, 2021). Therefore while much activity in biology is classical physics and chemistry with algorithmic responses, the mechanism that causes the organism to make novel adaptations is not. In Barbara McClintock's Nobel Prize paper (McClintock 1984), she distinguished between threats like heat shock and starvation, for which cells have an algorithmic response, in contrast to threats for which there is no precedent. Novel threats result in unpredictable, contextual responses. McClintock was the first modern biologist to ask that future research “determine the extent of knowledge the cell has of itself, and how it utilizes this knowledge in a “thoughtful” manner when challenged” (Shapiro, 2014). Levin reports that tadpoles were placed in a solution of barium, which is a non-specific blocker of all potassium channels. This made it impossible for the neural tissues in the head to maintain normal physiology, and as a result, the tadpoles' heads exploded. However, the experiment showed that the flatworms soon regenerate a new head which is barium-insensitive. The experimenters had no reason to believe that the tadpoles' ancestors had already learned this protective response; it's possible that this was the first time this had ever been done in history. It shows that organisms engineer novel solutions to unique problems in real time (Levin, 2022). Information is generated by cognition. It is mathematically impossible for the opposite to be true. We are left with the central question of biology: What is the nature and source of cognition? This leads us to the double slit experiment.9. Biology and the double slit experiment The venerable double slit experiment (Davies, 2019; Greene, 1999), now 200 years old, shows that cause and effect do not conform to our classical intuitions. A coherent light source pointed at a screen and blocked by two slits will produce an interference wave pattern on the screen. This holds true even if the photons are fired at the screen one at a time. However, if one puts a particle detector on one slit to see which slit the particle passed through, it ceases to produce a wave pattern. It makes a dot on the screen instead. Then if one unplugs the particle detector, the system produces a wave pattern again. It is as though the particle “knows” whether the experimenter is looking for a particle or a wave. It even “knows” whether the detector is working or not. Before the measurement is made, the particle exists in a superposition of orthogonal states: It is both particle and wave. Once the measurement is made, the superposition collapses to a basis that is determined by the nature of the measurement and the measurement device. If this basis is a property of the particle nature of matter, a particle is observed. If this basis is a property of the wave nature of matter, a wave is observed.10. The principle behind wave collapse in quantum mechanics Nobel Prize winner Anton Zeilinger said the following about quantum superposition: "[T]he superposition of amplitudes … is only valid if there is no way to know, even in principle, which path the particle took. It is important to realize that this does not imply that an observer actually takes note of what happens. It is sufficient to destroy the interference pattern, if the path information is accessible in principle from the experiment or even if it is dispersed in the environment and beyond any technical possibility to be recovered, but in principle still ‘‘out there.’’ The absence of any such information is the essential criterion for quantum interference to appear. (Zeilinger 1999) This is strange. Physicists have struggled to explain it for 100 years (Heisenberg 1958). But even in the very short description given above, a vital observation must be made: The quantum system behaves as a whole, not as merely the sum of its parts. This is precisely what is so strange about it. It may appear to just be an assemblage of parts: a screen, a laser, two slits, a particle detector, cables and LEDs. But the behavior of the particle is determined by the macro configuration of the entire system.11. Interpretations of QM Some but not all interpretations of QM say the observer plays an active role in the outcome of the experiment. Two that do are the Copenhagen Interpretation (Bohr 1928; Wigner 1961; Everett 1957; Bohm 1952) I am most sympathetic to the Consciousness (“Von Neumann-Wigner”) Interpretation of QM (von Neumann 1932; Wigner 1961), which extends the Copenhagen Interpretation by proposing that an observer's consciousness is required for wave function collapse to occur. This suggests that the physical process of measurement is not enough to cause the collapse; instead, it is the observer's conscious awareness of the result that leads to a definite outcome. It is unclear whether it is the conscious awareness of the observer collapses the wave, or if it is merely the conscious action of an observer that was required to build and operate the detector, so a measurement could be made in the first place. The evidence we do have shows that, so far as we know, acts of measurement do not exist outside of biology. This is because symbolic information does not exist outside of biology (Walker, 1977). Only cognitive agents build particle detectors, Turing machines or Shannon communication systems (Marshall 2015, 2021; Yockey 2005). This question reaches all the way back to the origin of life itself. This is a crucial point: either way, wave collapse is always associated with cognition with no documented exceptions. QM and biology are driven by choices, in contrast to the classical world which runs on fixed laws.12. QM in biological processes A growing vein of literature shows that multiple biological processes cannot be fully explained without invoking QM. These include phenomena such as enzyme catalysis, photosynthesis, and olfaction (Ball, 2011; McFadden and Al-Khalili, 2018). Davies (2019) discusses exciton behavior in a photosynthesis experiment by Engel et al. (2007): “Viewed in terms of pathways, there are many routes the exciton can take and, if quantum coherence is maintained, will take - simultaneously. Loosely speaking, the exciton is able to sift all the options at once and feel out the best possible route to the reaction centre. And then take it. What I am describing is an extraordinary type of [Maxwell's] demon, a quantum super-demon that 'knows' all available pathways at once and can pick the winning one.” The exciton's behavior is a sterling example of inductive reasoning. The superposition state is the means by which organisms consider multiple future paths. Wave collapse is when they act to create order from chaos - without violating the laws of physics. Macro determines micro. The whole controls the parts, instead of the parts controlling the whole. The mere availability of information determines the outcome. Which is precisely the problem that biologists have struggled with for 100 years. How does a whole organism maintain itself and alter its individual parts to maintain homeostasis and evolve?13. Radin's double slit experiment Dean Radin conducted an experiment (Radin et al., 2012) which sheds further light on this. Radin asked whether trained meditators could influence the outcome of the double-slit experiment. He aimed to test if conscious observation by experienced meditators could influence this wave-particle duality. Participants, which included both trained meditators and non-meditators, were asked to direct their attention towards the double-slit apparatus and attempt to mentally "collapse" the wave function, forcing the particles to behave like particles rather than waves. The study reported that, during periods when meditators were focusing their attention on the double-slit apparatus, there was a statistically significant shift in the interference pattern compared to the control group of non-meditators. It would be worthwhile to conduct this experiment with a much larger number of subjects. This result suggested that the meditators' conscious attention might have influenced the behavior of the particles, causing them to exhibit particle-like behavior. This experiment showed a confidence of 4.36 sigma and p value of 6·10ˆ-6. While not definitively proving a causal relationship, it strongly suggests that the intent of the observer is a deciding factor in the outcome of the wave collapse. Radin's experiment implies wave collapse is caused by the act of observation. Or it might be caused by the prior effort to detect it. It is beyond the scope of this paper to decide between these two; the point is that, either way, an agent must exercise intent. The superposition collapses to either particle or wave as a result of a cognitive agent doing inductive reasoning.14. Hypothesis: biology exercises agency through wave collapse When combined with what we know about basal cognition and Cognition Based Evolution, the double slit experiment doesn't seem quite so strange after all. It coheres with what we know about observers and measurement. All cells measure (Miller et al., (a) in press; Miller, 2018). Lyon (2015) categorizes bacterial cognition as sense perception, discrimination, memory, learning, problem solving, communication, motivation, anticipation, awareness, self-reference, normatively and intentionality. The role of an observer in the double slit experiment involves identical categories of cognition in order to participate in the experiment, detect and record outcomes. The organism must prioritize inputs and actions which is called valence. “Valence refers to the attractiveness, acceptability or tolerability of a stimulus … the valence of a signal is implicit in the processes that coordinate, say, the rotation bias of flagellar motors or the complex developmental sequence of signaling, genetic transcription and protein expression that leads to sporulation” (Lyon, 2015) (see Table 1). Thus I propose that measurement in a cell and measurement in the double slit experiment are the same thing. When a cell evaluates salinity, light sources, food sources, predators or viruses, it must generate and interpret symbolic information which is by nature incomplete (Miller, 2018). There is no such thing as a measurement without a measurer. Measurement according to the definition in Table 2 requires code which is exclusive to biology. Table 1. Equivalencies between biology and QM.BiologyQuantum MechanicsCognitionObserverCodeDetectorChemistryWave Function Collapse Table 2. Definitions.These definitions are compatible standard dictionary definitions and usage, but worded specifically for this paper so as to be mutually compatible and elucidate the hypothesis that is being advanced.Cognition: Ability to do inductive reasoning. Cognition is isomorphic with observers in QM, choices, evolution, measurement and perception, harnessing stochasticity, inductive reasoning, assigning meaning to symbols, axioms in mathematics, formulation of scientific laws, negentropy and Maxwell's demon (Marshall, 2021).Code: Symbols exchanged in a Shannon communication system, which is also a Turing Machine (Yockey, 2005). Code is isomorphic with particle detectors, computers, algorithms, Turing Machines, Shannon communication systems, DNA-RNA transcription and translation, deductive reasoning, mathematical functions, symbols and logic (Marshall, 2021).Chemistry: Physico-chemical laws of classical physics and chemistry, “particles and waves,” and outcomes of wave function collapse. The distinctions between Cognition and Codes and Chemistry are sharp, with only a narrow band of ambiguity between them, as follows: The dotted line between cognition and codes is the space between induction and deduction. This is Turing's halting problem. All knowledge about any externally measured event starts as inductive and only becomes deductive once a successful symbolic model of that process has been constructed by the agent. All cells and all living things do this. Turing's halting problem and Gödel's incompleteness theorem say that computational devices can only reason deductively, cannot make choices, cannot generate axioms that were not already in place; cannot generate or prove their own assumptions. Inductive reasoning is any time an agent predicts what will happen in the future in absence of the ability to compute it. Induction is anytime you are predicting if, when, where, why, or how the machine will halt. The ‘dotted line’ between codes and chemicals contains an ambiguity. It is the question of whether any physical state is a symbol or not. Symbols only exist in a context of encoding and decoding. A symbolic relationship can only be confirmed by Mutual Observation of Physical Event, see definition below.Observer: Cognitive agent capable of inductive reasoning and capable of externally communicating its expectation of whether the Turing machine will halt.Detector: A Turing Machine/Shannon Communication system capable of sensing a particle and storing symbolic information about the particle's status. A detector does not have cognition.Inductive reasoning: Any reasoning that is not deductive (Marshall, 2021). Induction is any time an agent makes a guess about the future which cannot be calculated (Turing's halting problem). Only a cognitive agent (subject, observer) asks whether a Turing machine will halt, because only a cognitive agent has conscious awareness of time. A Turing machine cannot ask itself whether it will halt, it can only obey instructions. This is the boundary between the explicate and implicate.Deductive reasoning: Symbolic logic; computation via mathematical functions or Turing machines. (“General recursive function - Encyclopedia of Mathematics,” n.d.) According to the Church-Turing thesis, the two are equivalent (Church, 1936). I accept the Church-Turing thesis and take it as axiomatic in this paper.Measurement: Recording classical Shannon information about whether quanta collapsed to a particle or a wave, or any other physical event. The act of measurement makes the wave function collapse. “Measurement” means the same thing in QM as in cell biology.Collapse the Wave Function: When a quantum system transitions from being in a superposition of multiple states to a single, definite state upon measurement; i.e. conduct the double slit experiment and observe an outcome that is either a classical particle or a wave (Greene, 1999). Also known as decoherence. (Note that there are some interpretations of QM that say that the wave function doesn't actually collapse. Deciding between these views is beyond the scope of this paper and I am using the most common language employed to describe the double slit experiment.)Symbol: A mapping from Set “A” to Set “B” where the word “set” is used in the abstract mathematical sense. (Yockey, 2005) In DNA, GGG maps to Glycine. In HTML, maps to “Bold.” In a traffic light, “red” maps to STOP.Information: Symbols exchanged between an encoder and decoder (Shannon, 1948). Information is a physical representation of a choice, which is measured in bits (and not kilograms, meters, seconds or other physical quantities).Physical Event: A classical outcome that was measured and recorded above the Landauer limit, and which an observer has enough bits of Shannon information to provide adequate context to confirm the existence of that event. (Fields, 2012; Levin, 2020).Meaning: When both encoder and decoder share a common definition of a symbol. (In cells, GGG means Glycine. AAA means Lysine. In ASCII, 1000001 means “a”.)Mutual Observation of Physical Event: Two or more observers share enough classical information and context to agree on the meaning: The event actually happened; both are symbolically referring to the same event in their communication with each other, and both agree that it occurred. (This relates to the Qualia problem.)Qualia: The fact that we cannot know what it is like to be another observer. “I can't know whether you experience red the same way I do.” We can only know what the observer tells us about his measurements. (This also means that the relationship between two observers is always inductive and subjective.) (Chalmers, 1995; Nagel, 1974).15. What is an observer? This raises several questions: What is an observer? What is a detector? What precisely does it mean to make a measurement? Fields (2012) says, “The physical structure of an observer is rarely addressed.” It is hardly obvious why a particle detector collapses a wave, while the gas in the room or the table the experiment is on does not. Fields explains this by employing a model where an observer must be an information coding device with the ability to store classical information (not quantum) above the Landauer limit, which is the minimum amount of energy necessary to store a bit of information. He says, “Such a virtual machine may be implemented as software on any Turing-equivalent functional architecture.” In other words, in order to collapse a wave function, the observer must record the event using the equivalent of a computer or Turing machine. Since cellular machinery that conducts DNA/RNA transcription and translation is a Turing machine (Yockey, 2005), and since all cells possess cognition, this means a cell has the means to collapse the wave function and make a physical record of the event. There are several ways organisms store information in memory, including long-term memory storage through chemical and electrical signals, RNA, DNA reverse transcription, epigenetics and bioelectric substrates (Blackiston et al., 2015). It's natural to ask, “Why don't the bacteria in the air collapse the wave function?” I hypothesize that bacteria can collapse a wave function if the outcome is relevant to their survival. This would make their observational capacities a part of the quantum system. This is discussed further down. It is also significant that Turing machines, Shannon communication systems and particle detectors (all of which are isomorphic) only exist in the realm of biology (Marshall, 2015, 2021; Walker et al., 2017; Yockey, 2005). They are either present in cells or designed by humans. They do not exist in the purely physico-chemical world. Levin and Fields say: “At the level of molecular interactions at the Angstrom, femtosecond scale of molecular dynamics calculations (Vlachakis et al., 2014; Zwier and Chong, 2010), biological systems are quantum systems, and biological information processing is quantum computation: cellular energy budgets of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes fall orders of magnitude short of the power required to maintain classical states of just protein conformation and localization at this scale (Fields and Levin, 2022), despite the massive consumption of ATP by big-brained eukaryotes such as humans (Okuno et al., 2011; Ueno et al., 2005). Hence cellular information processing cannot be entirely, or even primarily classical …” Fields notes that for two observers to agree on the results of a physical event, they have to share enough mutual information to be certain they are referencing the same event. If the event is the collapse of the wave function, not only does each need to know “0 = particle, 1 = wave”, they also need contextual data: Which space they were in, surrounding objects, what time it was.16. Contextual nature of information No code can exist without a context of encoder and decoder, which is why both encoding and decoding tables must be able to be drawn (Shannon, 1948). Likewise, no two agents can agree on the meaning of any code unless they both possess the same tables. So not only must the message transmit information, multiple recipients also require mutual context information. (REF Fields minimal observer) The context problem is the qualia problem: It is impossible to know firsthand the experience of a conscious observer (Nagel, 1974). There is no way to know whether you and I experience “red” the same way. The best we can do is share information about it. The more information we share about the red house, the red car, the red scab on my knee, the more confident we are that we are both seeing the same color. This speaks to the boundary between chemicals and code: It's not possible to determine a sequence of nucleotides or 1s and 0s or pulses of light is a code until sufficient context is established above a minimum information threshold. A series of equivalencies unifies biology and QM, as defined below: With the above definitions in place, we can explore how this unifies many streams of thought in science. The following diagram illustrates the flow of cause and effect in a cell as it both receives information and acts on its environment:17. Wave collapse is communication At the macro level, when we operate a computer, a person types on a keyboard. The keystrokes are physical actions by the person's fingers, but they are first and foremost symbols, because the human has chosen whether to type “A” or “S” or “D” or “F” on the keyboard. Those keystrokes are written (encoded) into a physical medium (signals on copper or fiber, hard drive, USB stick, SD card etc.) and then read (decoded) in reverse order. The letters appear on the screen and the agent checks to see whether the screen says what he or she intended. A traditional computer not being operated by humans, running a pre-loaded program, is a classical and deductive device. Its physical operation is entirely “bottom up.” However, the computer can only be understood or programmed from a top-down point of view. As Michael Levin says, when you want to move a file from the desktop to the trash, you don't do it with a soldering iron. Miller says, “everything a cell does is a form of communication.” (Miller et al. (a) in press) Any information processing by a cell initiates a thermodynamic work channel that becomes potential communication to some other observer in the same information space. This is key to understanding the causal diagram above. An agent causes wave collapse which is a physical (“chemical”) change. However, this action is first and foremost a communication signal. So by mechanisms still not understood, the observer, by intention, biases the superposition state to collapse to a desired physical event. Miller recognizes that all knowledge that a cell has about what is outside its cell wall is necessarily incomplete (Miller et al. (b) in press), so the organism is making approximations as to what is outside. This is induction.18. Scale independent cognition The diagram in Fig. 2 is fractal, or scale-independent. It describes the feedback loop between action and perception, not just on the cellular level but macro as well – tissues and multicellular organisms. At the micro level, I hypothesize that the cognitive intent of a cellular whole causes a superposition of states to collapse to a classical physical event. This initiates a chain of actions (such as opening or closing ion channels) which control classical-level systems in the cell and macro systems in the organism (Kapuy et al., 2009; Tyson and Novak, 2014). Download : Download high-res image (302KB) Download : Download full-size image Fig. 2. Caption: All organisms have memory and anticipate the future. The vertical line running down the center divides the future (right) from the past (left). The picture is two dimensional, with the X-axis representing time and the Y-axis representing flow of information between cognition which is quantum, and the physical world which is classical. The pyramid, based on the OSI 7-layer model from computer science, shows cognition at the top, layers of code in the middle, and the physical layer at the bottom, labeled “chemistry.” It shows the flow of information. Predicting the future is induction. Effects of decisions made in the present flow deductively into the past. All cell action is communication (Miller et al. (a) in press). At the quantum level, the cognitive agent collapses a wave by the act of observation. Wave collapse triggers a physical change in the system above the Landauer limit. This enacts macro changes in the environment which are recorded as past events. Those changes are sensed, encoded into symbols and perceived by the agent. The feedback loop of expectation and perception runs clockwise. The solid line between cognition and code represents the sharp boundary between deductive and inductive reasoning. The dotted line between code and chemicals represents the inability to be absolutely certain of the meaning of any physical symbol. Between the organism and its environment, this is the problem of perception. Between two agents, this is qualia. Causation in the quantum world is top-down, while causation in the classical world is bottom-up. Ion channels are subject to quantum mechanical effects. Quantum mechanical tunneling has been observed in synaptic and enhaptic transmission (Walker, 1977). The ability of the observer to choose actuals from possible states is the mechanism by which agency and free will are possible (Kauffman and Radin, 2023). Davies says, “Why do the laws of physics come with informational capabilities beyond anything that Shannon imagined, if nature hasn't made use of it anywhere in the universe?” He goes on to say, “… as a theoretical physicist I have found that if well-established physical theory predicts that something is possible, then nature invariably seems to make use of it.” If we posit that all cells are cognitive and, as demonstrated in photosynthesis, have the ability to explore possibilities in quantum space before expending resources to implement them physically, then we can begin to envision how mechanisms for high speed evolution (such as those described by Levin, Shapiro, McClintock, Margulis, Torday and Noble) can operate with hitherto unexplained effectiveness.19. Discussion This Cognitive Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, as described above, leads to two hypotheses: 1.A new double slit experiment can be designed to show that not only can a human be an observer, but so can a cat, dog, goldfish or amoeba. A dog can interact with a particle detector much as a person can. If it's a particle, the dog gets steak. If it's a wave the dog gets spinach. The experimenter randomizes the relationship between wave collapse (particle vs. wave) and which food the dog receives. Assuming 100% of dogs prefer steak over spinach, the experiment might show that 51% of the time the dogs got steak, and 49% of the time the dogs got spinach, with statistical significance. This must be run against an experiment where a randomizer was present without a double slit apparatus, and the results compared. "Dog gets treat if it collapses a wave function" is a variant of Radin's experiment. Radin asked his subjects to desire for a wave and got a wave a statistically significant percentage of the time. The experimenter has to design an experiment so the animal prefers outcome A over outcome B, randomizing the trials so the mechanism is not the same every time. If Zeilinger is correct and the mere existence of an available information path is enough to collapse the wave function, then randomly changing available information paths and recording them for later reference should lead to dogs or goldfish or amoebas caring about, and influencing, the outcome of a double slit experiment. It is easy to find hypothetical discussions online about whether animals can collapse wave functions, but the literature does not report any such actual investigation. This has the potential to be a landmark experiment. It may take clever execution to make work. I propose we can re-run the same experiment for goldfish or dragonflies or prokaryotes and infer that they are conscious as well. The experiment may prove easier to conduct with insects and microorganisms than with people or animals. 2.Cells, by virtue of possessing agency, cognition and Turing equivalent architectures, act on the external world by collapsing the wave function. By directing their attention (valence) and collapsing, at will, a superposition of possible states, organisms make choices in the exact manner of Maxwell's demon. This is how they initiate communication, harness stochasticity, generate negentropy, and evolve. I hypothesize that what collapses a wave function is induction, which must be exercised to a) build any particle detector or Turing machine, and b) sense the external world and record a measurement. This supports my chosen definition of observer as a “Cognitive agent capable of inductive reasoning and capable of externally communicating its expectation of whether the Turing machine will halt.” If this is the case, it further supports the viewpoint that the reductionist perspective has misinterpreted causation, and that consciousness is essential to the fabric of reality rather than being an emergent property or epiphenomenon.20. Wave function collapse and first principles of physiology Torday proposes an origin of the first principles of physiology as follows: “Gravity caused the vertical alignment of lipid molecules at the water-atmosphere interface. The negative charge of the lipids in water neutralized the Van Der Waals force for surface tension, causing a phase transition/Quantum Leap from lipid molecules to micelles. Gravity imparted the energy needed for Quantum Entanglement of particles entering the cell, allowing for negentropy. That constitutes “local” consciousness, with reference to the non-local consciousness of the Cosmos. The local and non-local consciousness are held in balance by homeostasis” (Torday, 2023). He is suggesting that the first cell began not as a self replicating RNA but a micelle with particle entanglement powered by gravity impinging on the curved surface, making the micelle, in the language of this paper, an observer. This is a metabolism or lipid first argument rather than an RNA first argument. He goes on to propose that the first memory, necessary to maintain homeostasis, was epigenetic. This would explain why the genetic code was developed by the first cell: To provide the cell with a means for extending memory. In physics, there has been much resistance to the idea that there is something special about mind, cognition, consciousness and observers. In biology, there is a similar resistance to the proposal that there is something special about life. But the problems remain unsolved. If we define cognition as inductive reasoning; codes as computing; and chemistry as physico-chemical laws; it becomes clear that reductionist models by definition can never solve these problems. Thus mind and life are indeed special. We still have yet to discover this unknown principle or “law of physics” that explains the nature and source of cognition. But now parallels between cellular information processing and QM suggest the answer may be found within the structure of its quantum apparatus. It should be feasible to observe the phenomenon closely enough to reveal the underlying events. Biology's systems for orchestrating the transformation from order to disorder remain an enigma, but it consistently performs its task, ready for us to uncover its secrets. This promises to be one of the greatest discoveries in the history of science, on par with QM itself, relativity, the invention of the transistor and the discovery of the DNA helix.Funding sources Evolution 2.0.CRediT authorship contribution statement Perry Marshall: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Project administration, Funding acquisition.Uncited references Baluška and Yokawa, 2021; Biswas et al., 2021; Fitch, 2008; General Recursive Function, ; Margulis, 1996; Noble, 2021; Pascal and Pross, 2022; Shapiro, 2020. Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: The author is founder and shareholder of Natural Code LLC, a firm offering $100,000 for discovery of a natural process that generates code from non-living material without direct human agency. The investment group offers $10 million to secure patent rights to said process. The prize specification is at www.naturalcode.org.Acknowledgements Heartfelt thanks to Bartu Yaman, Brian Robinson, Christopher Stokely, Denis Noble, Edison Santos, Erik Micheelsen, Jennifer Head, Joana Xavier, Joseph Riggio, Laura, Tannah and Zander Marshall, Lorena Ybarra, Mallory Eckstut, Michael Levin, Mitchell DeVries, Paul Perez, Sunny Kumar, Vivian Hearn, William Miller. References Ball, 2011P. Ball Physics of life: the dawn of quantum biology Nature, 474 (2011), pp. 272-274, 10.1038/474272a View article View in ScopusGoogle Scholar Baluška and Yokawa, 2021F. Baluška, K. Yokawa Anaesthetics and plants: from sensory systems to cognition-based adaptive behaviour Protoplasma, 258 (2021), pp. 449-454, 10.1007/s00709-020-01594-x View PDF This article is free to access. View in ScopusGoogle Scholar Baluška et al., 2021F. Baluška, W.B. Miller Jr., A.S. 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"The math" in this scientific foray, and re-review of quantum mechanical and quantum expansive reality in collision, the researcher seeks to assert whether chemical agency proceeds to code the formation of thought and hence reality, or if it is thought that causes code which then programs reality in manifest determinate outcomes. The assertion that biology and quantum mechanics are more similar than different and that humans and their biological reality is just as programmable as a quantum computer. "I propose humans are quantum observers because we are made of cells and all cells are observers." (Marshal, April 1, 2023). Dr E asserts that there are quantum observer humans and there are other types as well...perhaps less superconductive. This creates the same uneven playing field as in western politics ... a natural capability gap bringing an innate resentment. The democrat party has always had a frequency range that is lower than the republican party's ... hence the constant rebellion. Its been an octave or so lower...before the takeover by exo-politicians ... which have now dumped the frequency range several more octaves. In this matter though, the "we" can leave two party politics behind altogether and develop equanimities across peoples by energetic profile and potential-enhancement. DEDUCTION VS INDUCTION VS COMPUTING AND "SENTIENCE" THE ORIGIN OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND THE ORIGIN OF THOUGHT ... and the question ... are humans simply superconductive programmable bio-entities or, by negentropic expansion, can humans step into super heroics? Just as The Wolf causes a 'TROPHIC CASCADE" which allows rivers to keep their boundaries and hence, for life to flourish and promulgate, opposes the "CATASTROPHE" of disordered flow and its many side pools and newly presenting "eddies," and "obstructions," so too does polarity flow within the human superconductive bio-system especially as it defers to chemical instigations versus conscious alchemy. What are you saying, Dr E? Quantum mechanics, DNA, relativity, ... the transistor ... all ... are less of an inventive explosion in finding than the quantum cell expansion theories which depict humans as capable of reversing entropy as an overarching law of physics. It appears to the cagey old school scientist here that the ultimate intentional reality is presented for true inquiry... we are co-creating our Destiny ... hence, shall it be towards CREATION then more so? Intentional collective Noospheric ( No Us Fear ) evolution ... "Schumannically" raising the collective vibe ... in measure-able "real" terms ... quantitative reinforcement of the qualitative expanse ... the move to Greatness as a species ...is presented if anyone is knowticing. I AM Act-Shoe-Al and Eye was Hear. (https://www.amazon.com/ZAWAGIIK-Gangster-Roaring-Accessories-Covers/dp/B089P1684D/ref=sr_1_2?keywords=shoe+spats&qid=1684154265&sr=8-2, 2023) (https://www.amazon.com/Basic-Black-Spats-Cleat-Covers/, 2023) * Please also see Walter "Sweetness" Payton who also wore "Spats" when he climbed natural hills for his intentional professional football aspirational development.

"Insecurity is an inevitable part of being human. Although life is insecure for every organism, humans alone are burdened by knowing that this is so. This ground-breaking volume features contributions by leading international researchers exploring the social psychology of insecurity and how existential, metaphysical, and social uncertainty influence human social behaviour. Chapters in the book investigate the psychological origins of insecurity, evolutionary theorizing about the functions of insecurity, the motivational strategies people adopt to manage insecurity, self-regulation strategies, the role of insecurity in the formation and maintenance of social relationships, and the influence of insecurity and uncertainty on the organization of larger social systems and public affairs. The chapters also discuss how insecurity influences many areas of contemporary social life, highlighting the applied implications of this line of research. Topics covered include the role of insecurity in social communication, social judgments, decision-making, group identification, morality, interpersonal behaviour, relationships, attitudes, and many applied aspects of social life and politics where understanding the psychology of insecurity is of critical importance. This accessible and engaging book will be of interest to students, researchers, and practitioners as a textbook or reference book in behavioural and social science fields, as well as to a broad spectrum of intelligent lay audiences seeking to understand one of the most intriguing issues that shapes human social life." Part 1: The Nature and Sources of Insecurity 1. Understanding the Psychology of Insecurity: Evolutionary, Cognitive, and Cultural Perspectives Joseph P. Forgas (University of New South Wales, Sydney) 2. The Evolution of Insecurity William von Hippel and John Merakovsky (University of Queensland, Australia) 3. The Interactive Role of Death, Uncertainty, and the Loss of Shared Reality on Societal and Individual Insecurity Tom Pyszczynsky and Jonathan Sundby (University of Colorado at Colorado Springs) 4. The Uncertainty Challenge: Escape It, Embrace It Arie W. Kruglanski and Molly Ellenberg (University of Maryland) 5. Insecurity can be Beneficial: Reflections on Adaptive Strategies for Diverse Trade-off Settings Klaus Fiedler and Linda McCaughey (University of Heidelberg, Germany) Part II: Managing Individual Insecurity 6. The Arc of Dissonance: From Drive to Uncertainty Joel Cooper and Logan Pearce (Princeton University) 7. Persuasion as a Sop to Insecurity William D. Crano (Claremont Graduate University) and Zachary Hohman (Texas Tech University) 8. Self-Handicapping in the Face of Uncertainty: The Paradox That Most Certainly Is Edward R. Hirt, Samantha L. Heiman (Indiana University-Bloomington, USA), Julie R. Eyink (University of Southern Indiana), and Sean McCrea (University of Wyoming) 9. Strategy, Trust, and Freedom in an Uncertain World Joachim I. Krueger (Brown University) and David J. Grüning (Heidelberg University) 10. Seeking Moral Meaning in Misfortune – Assigning Blame, Without Regard for Causation Alan Page Fiske (UCLA, Department of Anthropology, USA) Part III: The Role of Insecurity in Social Relationships 11. Attachment Security and Coping with Existential Concerns: Studying Security Dynamics in Dyadic, Group, Sociopolitical, and Spiritual/Religious Relationships Mario Mikulincer (Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya) and Phillip R. Shaver (University of California, Davis) 12. Beyond Dyadic Interdependence: Romantic Relationships in an Uncertain Social World Sandra L. Murray (University of Buffalo) and Veronica M. Lamarche (University of Essex, UK) 13. Adult Attachment Insecurity During the COVID Pandemic: Heightened Insecurity and Its Undoing Ximena B. Arriaga (Purdue University, USA) and Madoka Kumashiro (Goldsmiths, University of London) 14. Social Identity Dynamics in the Face of Overwhelming Uncertainty Michael A. Hogg (Claremont Graduate University) and Amber M. Gaffney (Humboldt University) 15. From Individual Insecurity to Collective Security: The Group Survival Motivation Gilad Hirschberger (Reichman University, Israel) Part IV: The Role of Insecurity and Uncertainty in Politics and Public Life 16. Trust in Social Institutions: The Role of Informational and Personal Uncertainty Kees van den Bos (Utrecht University) 17. The Politics of Insecurity: How Uncertainty Promotes Populism and Tribalism Joseph P. Forgas (University of New South Wales, Sydney) 18. Uncertainty, Academic Radicalization, and the Erosion of Social Science Credibility Lee Jussim, Danica Finkelstein, and Sean T. Stevens (Rutgers University, USA) 19. Escape From Uncertainty: To Conspiracy Theories and Pseudoscience Péter Krekó (Eotvos Lorand University, Hungary) 20. Feelings of Insecurity as Drivers of Anti-Establishment Sentiments Jan-Willem van Prooijen (VU Amsterdam, NSCR, and Maastricht University) (Dr E, 2023) These are lucent works that tug at the threads of the mirage...the collected amnesia, hypnosis, and delusion ... that is Dr Einstein's "Mayan Veil." These thinkers and researchers are keen and true in their methods and objectives which now brace into the great mystery of life ... a recombinant transfer of insightful wisdom through academic excellence. A "Messenger DNA" stimulus of truth to combat the deception and devilry upon humankind. In the collected works within is found inquiry into the nature of insecurity itself as applied socially and scientifically. Human, "communication, social judgments, decision-making, group identification, morality, interpersonal behaviour, relationships, attitudes, and many applied aspects of social life" are measured and analyzed across multiple domains which gathers an "amalgam of confidence." But what is "confidence?" Its a word in English which firstly contaminates meaning with its perjorative condescension of the feminine. What? Yes, the "Pangliske" ("English" in Russian) is psycholinguistically suppressive of the feminine voice much less any mustered feminism. This uneven playing field generates dissonance from the outset although for most its an unknown source of agitation .. and hence, a sort of unspoken rage against the machine foments. Its also a scientific term referring to a freedom from error statisical revelation ... " Degree of confidence represents the probability that the confidence interval captures the true population parameter. With a degree of confidence of 95%, you have 95% confidence that the true population parameters will be in the confidence interval. 95% is the standard." But also moreover perhaps... what has the word come to mean across timespace? What is its "current" etymologically-corrected "meaning?" Aha! In Philosophy, "Meaning" itself is a whole subject and learning domain dimension! What it really means to most is "herd inclusion." It signifies a "wiki-verified" "normalcy" of opinion so that scientific foray is actually more of a political "cause and effect" equation than active search for an elusive truth. The "social quotient" ("SQ") now parlays beside IQ (intelligence) ...much less EQ and AQ (emotive and adaptive) ..and is deternminant of outcomes in scientific measurement prior to their actual engagement! Dr Braverman lost his mind after exposing neurochemical balance in "The Edge Effect," wherein he gainfully described the ebb abd flow of neurochemistry between four directions of brain alchemy... serotonin, dopamine, GABA, and Acetycholine. Hence, the overload of dopamine in our society was laid bare and then...so was he! Braver man? How does bravery pencil out on a P and L statement? Is it a gathered and mustered confidence amidst a tumult of insecurity? Is courage then synonymous with confidence moreso actually... and very much despite any "General Concensus" "sabre rattling?" Dr E himself grew from infant to toddler to boy with ther inclusion of "Night Terrors." These recurring and absolutely vivid nightmares gave Dr E incredible resilience in the face of both outcasting and outnumbering situational ecologies... just as combat veterans gain a very special brand of experience. The terrors were utterly paranoid scenario "delusions" that would replay during a fever episode quite often of 103-104 degrees F. He learned lucid dreaming and astral projection then by necessity at Age 5. Within the terrors, Dr E actually found "soul codes" ... basically. He became able to enter and move around in his fear realms very, very early. He was presented his own mortality and insignifigance by comparison to tidal waves of existential fears... firstly his own, and then, the collectives'. Dr E, as little Gianni, moved onto the streets of Berkeley at 0333 and braced for this host of elemental creatures to attack... whereas the community hid in its dream state! Well, it was not just that easy BTW...and he fell many times...yet, he returned and finally retooled the night terrors into intense personal Divine empowerment. DEUTERONOMY ...the sink or swim quotient of Life according to the KJV and NIV is also just the simple statement of balances within...these being also, of course, the Temple state...of the Knights Templar... and all beings for that "matter"... in terms of LOVE and/or FEAR. DR E WISDOM PHRASE OF THE DAY: It is fear or love ...by Universal design. It is neither one with a little of the other or any mix thereof really... This, since essentially, there are just those two forces in the galactic alchemical equation. One is LOVE or one is fear... as one supplants the other naturally and innately within a one. What is the main fear of the people? To be outcast... which is why the sheep herding forces of evil, as fears, rule them... and control their very minds with even quite vague threats of banishment and/or disinclusion ...perhaps especially these! But the true seeker and research scientist must seek this lonely and terrifying place as part and parcel of seeking truth. Oh! How? Well, Dr E must relay that Faith cripples fear... and whispers reflectively in the bearer's subtle ear and "mind's eye" of the actual nonexistence of fear as a simple shadow of Love that will fade as dimensional frequency rises. What? The Children of Earth are not alone ...and never have been. Now, the Host of Angels has arrived... the 144,000 that finally cast off demonic rule for Earthrealm... This ought to be good news... BTW! Whats in your balance of fear and LOVE? (skylineg.com, 2023)

Feelings of Insecurity as Driver of Anti-Establishment Sentiments By Jan-Willem van ProoijenBookThe Psychology of Insecurity Edition1st Edition First Published2023 ImprintRoutledge Pages21 eBook ISBN9781003317623 https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003317623-24/feelings-insecurity-driver-anti-establishment-sentiments-jan-willem-van-prooijen ABSTRACT Many citizens in contemporary society hold strong anti-establishment sentiments, as reflected in conspiracy theories, populist attitudes, and support for radical political movements. The current contribution examines the role of insecurity in such anti-establishment sentiments. First, the chapter reviews evidence from various disciplines that feelings of insecurity are a main driver of these different manifestations of anti-establishment sentiments. Second, the chapter illuminates how anti-establishment sentiments may be emotionally and cognitively appealing when people feel insecure. Specifically, (1) anti-establishment beliefs satisfy a cognitive need for epistemic clarity, by making complex societal problems and their solutions easy to understand. Furthermore, (2) anti-establishment beliefs foster self-enhancement: Believing that oneself or one’s group is part of a meaningful struggle against an immoral establishment increases feelings of importance. Finally, (3) anti-establishment beliefs stimulate a range of emotions that help people cope with insecurity. Anti-establishment movements glorify the past, and therefore, anti-establishment attitudes are associated with feelings of nostalgia; moreover, people may experience the struggle against powerful elites as exciting, highlighting the rewarding aspects of insecurity. I conclude that feelings of insecurity are key to understand anti-establishment sentiments. (Dr E, 2023) Prooijen (2023) apparently has contributed a small piece to the deep and skillful look into uncertainty by Crano, Forgas, and Fiedler (2023). The work speaks to "anti-establishmentism" as a "fertile soil" for the unfolding of coping mechanisms in response to feelings of insecurity. The piece reviews attraction to and connections between feeling fearful and responses in correspondence with "hacking the network." The person acting out in conflict with a system or process automatically self acknowledges an equivalence with that system that was perhaps lacking beforehand. Many find themselves excited by the high drama of resisting some feigned or actual oppressor power set ... and yet, do they actually oppose anything? Dr E submits that many are actually just conforming to non conformity ... and are being lead "pied piper" to attack order itself, verbally, physically, and psychologically ... whether or not they oppose or align truly with such order. At one point, one political party was known as "knee jerk" and "bleeding heart"... which is the key to understanding the mass hypnotic trance of a mindless rebellion and extreme dissonant disruption. As Berkelians in the 60's, Dr E's family would sit about and make fun of the TV commercials trying to command our minds...yet, they got our attention at least! As the inventor of neon signs would agree, getting the attention is fully 50% of the deal. Now the attention base can also be emotional hijacked into illogical patronage ... and to whatever cause or non cause the puppeteers may find useful. The issue is simply a lack of emotional mastery. An essential key here today is that the mass of westerners, aka residents of the united states with western value systems and world beliefs, etc, are made malcontent purposefully by the same crew that is incendiary to atheism and disorder ... and has lead them to "Hate God." This is also why the mass thinks they hate POTUS DJT ... they are inbred into the thinking that they hate their society and parents and especially their Father...much less God... which has bread the ultimate malcontented-ness. A form of demonic witchcraft is upon the people and their savior team has been mistaken for their oppressor ... : Of course, the deceiver teams' intent all along. The issue Dr E takes with the author's view is that they barely touch at all upon spiritual matter(s) ... and yet, that is the crux of the issue. Also though, perhaps more importantly, this piece has lead the inquiry into a review of the entire book which is to be released to the public any day now: https://www.routledge.com/The-Psychology-of-Insecurity-Seeking-Certainty-Where-None-Can-Be-Found/Forgas-Crano-Fiedler/p/book/9781003317623#

The role of non-ordinary states of consciousness occasioned by mind-body practices in mental health illness Silvia J. Franco Corso a b, Kate O'Malley b, Saleena Subaiya b, Danielle Mayall, Elias Dakwar Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vangelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States of America Division on Substance Use, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY, United States of America Received 3 November 2022, Revised 13 April 2023, Accepted 29 April 2023, Available online 6 May 2023. Abstract Background Research with hallucinogens suggests that non-ordinary states of consciousness (NOSCs), particularly mystical-type experiences, predict improvements in various affective disorders and substance use disorders (SUDs). Little is known, however, about the therapeutic potential of NOSCs induced by mind-body practices such as meditation, yoga and breathwork. Methods We conducted a literature review in online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar) and preprint databases (SSRN, bioRxiv) to identify studies of NOSCs induced by mind-body practices and their effects in affective disorders and SUDs. Results A wide variety of mind-body practices involving physical movement (i.e., shamanic drumming, yoga) and hyper-focused immersive mental experiences (i.e., meditation, breathwork) have been reported in the literature. Preliminary evidence, mostly from qualitative studies and open label studies, suggest that mind-body practices produce NOSCs. Such experiences have been associated with short-term reduced levels of anxiety and depression, increased motivation to quit addictive behaviors, and enhanced self-awareness and spiritual well-being. Limitations Findings are limited by the scarcity of literature in this field. Further rigorous and methodologically sound empirical research is needed, including comparative studies of NOSCs occasioned by different methods. Conclusions Mind-body practices may represent a promising approach for treating mental health disorders. The NOSCs induced by such practices may lead to beneficial shifts in perceptions, values, beliefs, and behaviors. Given the challenges with hallucinogen-based therapies, mind-body practices may represent a more accessible and acceptable way of eliciting potentially helpful NOSCs in clinical practice." BODY "Introduction Mental illness leads to immense suffering, with the severity of distress predicted by transdiagnostic risk factors such as negative affectivity, dysfunctional attitudes, negative cognitive style, and avoidance behavior (Lukat et al., 2017). Despite advances in the management of mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders (SUD), high rates of relapse and low treatment adherence remain important challenges (Immanuel et al., 2021; Tate et al., 2011). The etiology of mental health disorders involves an interaction of genetic predispositions and psychological, social, and environmental factors, each of which requires clinical attention through tailored interventions (Tambs et al., 1997). Targeting shared risk factors nonetheless represents a promising transdiagnostic approach to addressing the suffering borne of mental illness. So-called psychedelic therapy – the term given to psychotherapy frameworks that clinically leverage the psychoactive effects of certain hallucinogens, such as psilocybin, MDMA, and ketamine – has re-emerged as a multi-dimensional “holistic” approach to mental illness, amenable to widespread implementation and postulated to address shared transdiagnostic vulnerabilities (Raison et al., 2022). The use of hallucinogens occasions non-ordinary states of consciousness (NOSCs); these are transient experiences, distinct from mundane phenomenology, and different from the contents and processes of the mind in a typical waking state (Ludwig, 1966). Converging evidence indicates that hallucinogen-induced NOSCs are critical to the therapeutic effects of these compounds, with a direct role of such experiences in relief from anxiety (Griffiths et al., 2016; Ross et al., 2016), depression (Griffiths et al., 2016; Roseman et al., 2017; Ross et al., 2016), and SUD (Johnson et al., 2017; Rothberg et al., 2021) among other mental health disorders. NOSCs have also been linked to sudden, enduring, and beneficial personal changes (Griffiths et al., 2018; MacLean et al., 2011). NOSCs are thought to provide benefits by occasioning a reappraisal of values and meaning; by deepening relationality with a larger world beyond one's circumscribed sphere of egoic concerns; and by facilitating existential, moral, or religious inquiry (Leary et al., 1964). There are a few important challenges associated with hallucinogen-based treatments. Access to hallucinogens is limited given that they are currently prohibited substances in most countries. Further, hallucinogens can induce intense effects and psychological distress and may carry a non-negligible risk of medical adverse reactions, such as psychotic-like experiences and cardiac complications, especially in individuals with pre-existing health conditions (Johnson et al., 2008). Ensuring that patients receive appropriate medical screening and monitoring is essential. Accordingly, most clinical trials to date use highly selective eligibility criteria, carefully controlled research settings, labor- and time-intensive monitoring protocols, and a highly experienced team of supervising clinicians. These factors are recognized to compromise the generalizability and scalability of psychedelic therapy (Johnson et al., 2008; Marks and Cohen, 2021; Ona et al., 2022). NOSCs are not restricted to hallucinogens. Methods encompassing a wide variety of mind-body practices can produce comparable shifts in consciousness (De Castro, 2015; Miller and C'de Baca, 2001; Norlander et al., 2001; Winkelman, 1986). Further, several studies suggest that NOSCs induced by mind-body practices promote potentially therapeutic effects such as enhanced self-awareness (Feinstein et al., 2018; Miller and Nielsen, 2015), feelings of self-realization (Motilal, 1983; Shivarama and Gangadhar, 2012), and spiritual well-being (Miller and C'de Baca, 2001; Reavley and Pallant, 2009). Yet, an empirical understanding of NOSCs induced by mind-body practices is limited, in part, by the lack of synthesis of the extant research. In the following paper, we will summarize some of these mind-body practices, their relationship with NOSCs, and the rationale for why such practices could be beneficial to mental health. We will explore mind-body practices involving physical movement (i.e., shamanic drumming, yoga, dancing), hyper-focused immersive mental experiences (i.e., meditation, breathwork), and other techniques like sensory deprivation (De Castro, 2015; Miller and C'de Baca, 2001; Norlander et al., 2001; Winkelman, 1986).Breathwork is an umbrella term referring to a wide range of disciplines that utilize rhythmic breathing patterns as a method for self-exploration and healing (Taylor, 1994). Traditional mind-body practices consider breath manipulation as essential to their practice, as it can facilitate access to deeper states of consciousness. An example is pranayama, a type of breathwork rooted in yoga that involves synchronization of the breath with body postures (asanas) or is sometimes used as an exercise on its own (Joshi, 2006). Pranayama may involve manipulating and controlling the breath with specific patterns, variations in rates of respiration, or respiratory tasks (i.e., alternate nostril breathing) (Jayawardena et al., 2020). In the Western world, dozens of breathwork methods have recently emerged, claiming positive effects on psychopathology and well-being (Young, 2010). Examples include Holotropic Breathwork®, Transformational Breathwork, and Wim Hof method®. These use specific patterns of enhanced breathing techniques with diverse elements like evocative music, positive affirmations, or exposure to extreme cold respectively (Hof, 2020; Grof and Grof, 2010; Nardini-Bubols et al., 2019; Rhinewine and Williams, 2007). Importantly, the only mind-body practice specifically intended to induce acute NOSCs in clinical settings is Holotropic breathing, devised by Stanislav Grof in lieu of LSD-assisted therapy (Grof and Grof, 2010). Another mind-body practice commonly used to achieve NOSCs is meditation. Meditative practices are part of the contemplative repertoire of many religions, including Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism (Dhavamony, 1982). For the last two centuries, meditation has expanded to other cultures as solitary practices in a non-spiritual context and without reference to religious traditions (Walsh and Shapiro, 2006). Meditation techniques can be organized along a continuum, with diffuse or open-monitoring meditation on one end, and concentrative or focused-attention meditation on the other (Dakwar and Levin, 2009; Mehrmann and Karmacharya, 2013). Concentrative techniques involve focusing on a specific sensory or mental stimulus (i.e., a body sensation) to the exclusion of anything else (Dakwar and Levin, 2009). Diffuse techniques involve developing a present-centered and non-attached mode of observation, allowing thoughts and feelings to arise with an accepting attitude (Dakwar and Levin, 2009). Yoga is another mind-body practice that has the potential to evoke NOSCs. Yoga originated in ancient India and encompasses a set of philosophical beliefs, meditation, moral principles, and physical practices (White, 2011). Yoga has gained popularity in the West as a posture-based physical practice and relaxation technique (Burley, 2000). The original goals of traditional yoga (i.e., spiritual liberation) have been largely replaced by the goals of fitness and relaxation, whereas components like asceticism and right conduct have been reduced or removed entirely (Singleton, 2010). Traditional yoga focuses on breathing techniques (pranayama) and meditation (dyana) (White, 2011). Self-development techniques to cultivate the body and the mind as well as liberation from attachment are its common pillars (Feuerstein, 2012; Kovoor, 2002). As a physical activity, yoga consists largely of dynamic movements (asanas), often connected by flowing sequences (vinyasas) (White, 2011) and sometimes gymnastics (Mallinson, 2011). Music rituals, sometimes accompanied by dancing or contemplative activities like meditation, have also often been used for spiritual purposes and are now being incorporated into clinical settings (Demmrich, 2020). Music is considered a source of healing, self-expression, and community cohesion (Dickerson et al., 2021; Gingras et al., 2014; Haddad, 2004). Music rituals can involve chanting, melodic vocalization, and the use of instruments. Drumming, a practice common to many shamanic traditions such as the American Indian/Alaska Natives and African tribes (Harner, 1990; Krippner and Combs, 2000) is used as part of their healing rituals or ceremonies. The steady beat of the drum, which is typically monotonous and highly predictable, is said to induce a trance-like state, allowing participants to connect with their inner selves and the spiritual world. An unpredicted rhythmic shift is often used to disengage from the trance state (Harner, 1990; Winkelman, 2010). Chanting to induce NOSCs usually involves repetitive singing or vocalization of sounds and phrases (Perry et al., 2021). An example is Icaros, medicinal songs that Amazonian Shamans sing during ayahuasca ceremonies (Beyer, 2009). Another practice, TaKeTiNa, is a form of “active rhythm meditation” in which a group of participants simultaneously maintain three separate rhythms while chanting, stepping, and clapping (Haddad, 2004). Taketina is utilized for multiple purposes, including as a means for personal growth and self-discovery, and as a tool for musical development to enhance skills such as timing, coordination, and improvisation (Nieto, 2016). Lastly, sensory deprivation has also been reported to induce NOSCs. For centuries, artists, intellectuals, and spiritual guides have sought periods of isolation, usually in locations with little or reduced variety of sensory input (i.e. caves, dark rooms) to facilitate introspection and spiritual growth. Practitioners of Buddhism and Taoism engage in solo “dark retreats” in spaces devoid of light where they reportedly experience profound alterations in cognition, and perception (Lowenstein, 2003). A Western method for sensory deprivation is Reduced Environmental Stimulation Therapy (REST) in a flotation tank, which entails floating in water with high concentrations of magnesium sulfate in a quiet and light-insulated tank (Kjellgren et al., 2008). The setting is manipulated so that auditory, visual, tactile, and gravitational sensory signals are minimized to produce a state of weightlessness and profound relaxation (Kjellgren et al., 2008). Despite the lack of popularity among mental health practitioners, commercial centers around the world are marketing different modalities of sensory isolation and claiming mental health benefits. These aforementioned mind-body have been proposed to be valuable psychotherapeutic tools for enhancing well-being and ameliorating various psychiatric conditions through transdiagnostic mechanisms (Bennetts, 2022; Capobianco et al., 2018; Taylor et al., 2020). Given that psychedelic therapies may not be suitable for everyone who might benefit from NOSCs, mind-body practices could represent a more accessible and safer way to occasion potentially therapeutic NOSCs. In this review, we will synthesize the available literature on the propensity for these mind-body practices to elicit NOSCs and their relevance to mental health. We will also provide a summary of potential neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of action and suggest avenues for research." (Dr E, 2023) NOSC = Non-Ordinary States of Consciousness SUD = Substance Abuse Disorders Real scientific analyses in this arena at all may be considered a victory. Yet, what can and cant really be derived from the piece? What is the quintessential valuation of this work and its correlation-bridging to the third dimension? Affective disorders can be annotated any way science wishes and can be called "drug related" or not. Moreover, when science groups psycho-affective dysfunction, its already a bit unscientific. Can they group psycho-toxins found in the common biowarfare substances that permeate human reality through the air, the waters, and soils, the beings, and the frequency wave oscillations on Earth altogether? If so, what will the acronym be? BioWarfared Toxic Avenger Humans (BWTAH) ... "Beast 9" ... or perhaps, "BioVessel23," this the one that portends to the evil plot on Earth of removing the human "souls" from the "soils" ... ? The "Reefer Madness" campaigns of the 40's and 50's, etc... are part of the MK Mind Control NaughtSeeGermany formulaic takeover of the Earth. Today, they have MSNBC, CBS, ABC and ... CNN... etc... and they have nanobots. Yet, they are a "conspeory theiracy" to the crippled minds of the population, no more! We exclaim a collected "Oh, I see..." as the normalized response continues its ostrich-head-in-hole "elitist" tactic. The fears from a collective ban on a specific being ... such a trauma to the many... has worked wonders in terms of blinding people to become sheeple. Nowadays, there is little humanity left to "save..." it seems. Yet, little Dr E met the UC Berkeley LSD champions in person back in the 60's in many cases and also has traversed the cosmos beside them. "Travellers" they are ...and they have called "Dr E" their latest Johnny Come Lately, and some, btw, at times. Dire Straits - The Walk of Life Fear peddling aside, let us look into the productivity profiles associated with hallucinogenic therapies. "ActShoeAl and Factsyouall" coming in now... PG 13,...ok? Literature Review (LitRev) allows the researcher teams to amalgamate opinions and findings... which Dr E will call "end game" anyway. Why not jump to the conclusion after reading the abstract-introduction? Then ... "skim-scan" the body for elements useful to further investigation. Then...continue the discussion inquiry... without end perhaps...as in "evolution." The research has indeed shown that hallucinogens can be part of addiction therapy in SUD's and can be quite helpful in an area that usually evades normalized treatment successes. Then, can the research extrapolate to conscious addictions and "SUD" of psycho-emotive content and context? Here, for credibility concerns and lack, perhaps, of other instrumentation, the research only "micro messages" the spiritual correlations... they are implied... like a sniper in some tall grass. Dr E seeks to counter the new "veil," if the reader will...with word coding: "Ex Trap You Late" ... that implies a codex solvency... as suggests a flower's bud as wisdom! The NSOC itself is a struggle... because 'ordinary' is not really a variable but a perplexed construct of the same mind that seeks treatment because of it! Indeed, what if people actually knew the universe? ordinary...well, its pretty hard to find out there...trust the Dr on this one! Yet, the mind-body, physical movement, and a bevy of myriad immersive techniques, that have been researched, and re-researched herein, ....to include intentional breathwork and conscious intentional body movements ...show great promise. The qualitative analyses are yet boo-hoo'd by the "empireickle" credibility micro messaging that yet permeates "science." Yet, with empirical evidence... the host of doubt is repelled it seems! What will these studies reveal to the non listening minds of the many? No thing? Well, the numbers do show a drop in anxiety and depression... addictions... and increases in self awareness, well being, and ... MOTIVATION. Is everything simply a matter of "MightyKhanDria?" The miraculous manifestation of consciousness into moving physical energy... is there a "movie?" John Wicke 4? The Matrix? The Equalizer? ..."Dont look Up?" LOL. The conclusion that mind-body practices assist in treatment of conscious disorder is resolute across so many studies! Mind-body practices may represent a promising approach for treating mental health disorders. "Perceptions, values, beliefs, and behaviors," appear as the keys in the tool sets. Oddly, network television via communist china drives this value in Americans. Hmmm. The inclusion of hallucinogenic therapies, as with many advanced practices, requires suitable preparations. How so? When the ego presents during a hallucination, it grounds the experience in ... hell. This also a learning place... but only the lowest darkest lessons are taught there. What about the Light and Love lessons? They come about after-preparations... yes, after word ...said the good Dr. ANOTHER ASPECT HERE WOULD BE TO EMPIRICALLY MEASURE SEROTONIN AFTER CLINICAL HALLUCINOGEN USE. P-Roof !!! Please Also See https://www.amazon.com/Dynamics-Police-Organizational-Change-Engbeck/dp/3639763548 The photo was taken while Dr E was bodyguarding a tennis pro turned addiction recovery author, Andre Agassi ... with the micro-message of "Agony" inference.

Dr E is clearing out the AlexandriaofEngbeck Librarium from FB "Spiritual Liberation" page-group over to the web page. The excerpt write up with pics was 7 comment posts: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1802581426692706/search/?q=LOZEN https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=10159771918898184&set=gm.1346145109155304 WARRIOR WOMAN: The Story of Lozen, Apache Warrior and Shaman (Aleshire, 2021) The work that brought Tigre El into contact with the Warrior Lozen also was expensive! He was in pursuit of truth within a band of people that had strayed from Great Spirit and were calling out in blaspheme basically. This turn of events comes to pass becuase of the deliberate poisoning of a people... and this not before "acquiring" their finest genetics for empire. What? Yes, The British Empire knew full well that Mataoka had Great Spirit's energy in her Blood. That is why they abducted Her to England, and then, the rest of that story. For Lozen, her outcast status as having an "extra soul," etc... a way they called people who had mixed sexuality, actually helped protect Her. She was a driving force of Apache Warskill ...and this was also laid low for the time in her best interests. Is this why She is so less known than Geronimo and Cochise, for example, who she empowered in war? Perhaps it is... and perhaps the whole male domination aspect of American Indians has to do with that same projection/protection. He will wear many feathers and stand in front.. which disguises the fact that Great Spirit does favor His Daughters. They are...The PowHer in Truth ... and the story of Lozen is helpful in shedding Light on this subject: If to win human sovereignty, like any war, the greatest forces possible must be gathered ...marshaled...and these are within The Women. Hence, they must also have every protection and courtesy. Then, the harmonic of The Red Road and Four Directions can descend again to Terra Firma Zero... ground level ...GrandMother and Turtle Island. (Prologue -Pp11) Lozen was with The Apache through nearly all of their steepest challenges. She was raided Apache where the females are trained just as hard as the males although not usually for Warriorhood. She took on Warrior as her people were murdered. Herstory ...is that The "Chirakowa" and The "Apache" tribes received the help of her unseen powers for winning wars...and they did most often. The riddle that emerges from this is that USSEN gave the pistol to the brazen and disrespectful "whites from Europe" who then proceeded to kill the Apache with it. How and why did Ussen do this is a GREAT RIDDLE FOR ALL THE AGES Ussen and The Protector Animals seemed to have left The People...only returning in dreams...now and then. OJO CALIENTE. LOZEN WAS BRED INTO THE FOUR DIRECTIONS. Many specialty types of wood were used for Lozen's Cradle Board. Among these were strips of wood that had been struck by Lightning. Lozen received Warrior Training. She always rose early to run with The Leaders in Tribe. Move silently, dodge arrows...could She. The early Mexicans that came to the land craved GOLD which the Natives shunned for themselves saying they could not possess a piece of Gold that looks as The Sun on Earth. MANGAS COLORADAS was a strong warrior that Lozen grew up near and he saved the tribe and little Lozen from White Eyes when treachery brought disaster to the generous tribe. The Natives there loved the strong whisky and MEZCAL of the Mexicans and made a deal to let them mine Gold in the middle of sacred lands. The White Eyes though killed Juan Jose from the Tribe who had made the deal with White Eyes...and then pulled canvas tops off of Gatling guns and swept the tribe away. The white Eyes Band led by Johnson killed the women and children as well. Mengas fought them and allowed a path for some to escape which is why Lozen lived on. Revenge was thought as a Sacred Duty and Mangas Colorado took it upon himself to gather many warriors for the event. He cut off the Mexican supply lines and drove them from Ojo Caliente. Few of the raiding Mexicans would survive. They left for points south and the desecration of the lands stopped as well. The "Raiders of The Shadow of The Sacred Mountain," were gone ... from Ojo Caliente by the 1840's. SUNRISE CEREMONY for Lozen. Grey ghost came from the East and was the most formidable warrior that Lozen had ever seen and she fell for him without his return. Victorio and Gray Ghost traded well but GG left and Lozen's Heart left from Males ever after...She would not love another ManWarrior in Her life! Fragile Peace. Loco. White Eyes could not be trusted. Old and Young Warriors split over the views of Loco who said they must make a deal...and Mangas and Victorio would fight til the end. The Great Father was moniker for the US President. Nanatan = Chief. Agent Drew. Drew got lost in the woods and died of thirst...the Apache and crow were mystified. How could a Natan die form thirst...a Native Boy would out live that! They began to see the true weakness of white eyes. The NATIVES chose WATER and THE BOW and THE KILLER OF ENEMIES chose the GUN. A COYOTE STORY where Loss and Irony presume mainstage. The Natives fermented sweet, mild Tizwin. Agent Hennisee. Mexicans-White Traders-Natives....all fought. Cochise finally came and said after 10 years that he could not protect the Women and Children. Canada Alamose. Hunger set inb for The Mescalero. WARPATH . LAYERING OF PLANS. Lozen woudl not drink White ManWhisky...but instead.. tried to stop her warriors from drinking but failed. Then while the agent deal with the white nantan and great father in washington ...was threatened in plain site by the news of the settlelemnt of 150 women and children that were killed arrived. Lozen had already known not to trust the peace in Alamoza...now all could see. Lozen was compromised greatly by untimely death of Cochise. His departure unraveled the fragile peace between American Indians and Tribes and ...Mexicans and White Eyes. She feared that when Cochise was gone, nothing would stop Geronimo and the other angry Chiefs. The American indians there at Ojo Caliente...their promised and favored lands...were now trapped and the ruffians of the white eyes surrounded and stole and ravaged them at every turn... greedily buying up their iotems from other thieves, etc. And, it was apparently Geronimo's fury that sparked the calamities that would come next. Many would say it was inevitable anyway...and Dr E will perhaps agree there. Of Note: Earth oppressors let slip feminism into militistic views. This was a trick... the feminine is the material form of creative force ... in balance, it is Heaven on Earth. She is ... materialized Grace ... ~ Hence, Warriors needs mount gauntlet defenses and mighty ramparts both and more...that She can attend to Her strumming of the Great Harp instrument... Her Song... Her Voice ... freeing and decreeing ... The Truth of Beauty, Love, and Light ...a Harmonic for The Children and Children's Children of GrandMother References and Bibliography : (Pp 307-310)

Dr E is clearing out the AlexandriaofEngbeck Librarium from FB "Spiritual Liberation" page-group over to the web page. The excerpt write up with pics was 208 comment posts: https://www.facebook.com/groups/LionSpiritKeep/permalink/2535464553404386 The Monad and Other Essays Upon the Higher Consciousness (1920) Charles Webster Leadbeater (Author) Leadbeater has outlined the critical items for the Learner...the highlight points that he and his team felt we should get for sure. MONAD awareness. The concept is non intelligible to the ordinary "mind" "brain." Paranirvanic. Divine Consciousness. Monads Creates the Realms, Divine Veils the Self, and Moves within Matter. The deeper the involvement, the less delimitation. (Location 37). Dimensions of Space. Lower conscious densities. Down to 5 as Earth plane Humans. Imagine LEVEL 10 in comparison to D2... a realm of only two aspects. The view is minimal. This parallels the Human to the Monad. Deity level plans empowering growth in matter. Outpouring from be,low and above at once. CREATOR'S WAVE. LOCATION 57. Terminology Density: Density denotes a vibrational frequency and not a location, which the term "dimension" implies. The density structure of this reality is primarily expressed in seven levels, though each level has sub-levels within it. The density scale is a model used to communicate one's perception of orientation in relation to other realities. Dimension: Dimension refers to one's location in space/time rather then a person's vibrational frequency (density). Webster defines "dimension" as "Magnitude measured in a particular direction, specifically length, breadth, thickness or time." There are an infinite number of dimensions existing with a given density or vibrational frequency. Frequency: Matter is vibrating energy. Different vibrationary rates denote the properties. Frequency is the rate at which molecules or consciousness vibrate. Prism of Lyra: A prism is a transparent body with a triangular base used to polarize or decompose light or energy into its spectrum. The prism of Lyra is the archetypal idea of the entrance of consciousness into this reality. For Earth's galactic family the entrance point exists within the Lyran system. As consciousness/energy emerged, it fragmented into seven density frequencies, much as a prism would fragment light in seven colors. Ensouling Forms. All kingdoms are included. The Causal Body's Journey. THE HOLY GRAIL. Nothing is lost, all is captured. ALL AGES. The Causal Body has inhabited a Body (Soul) for Experience. When The body returns experience to The Soul in Full, and The Soul to the Monad, an Economy of All Nature has occurred. The Ego transmutes into The Monad. SOLAR DEITY. Inconceivable to lower vibrational inquiry. Divine Fire sparks to outpour into the body and matter. Sparks. Our physical plane receives it. It seems separate but is not. The flame ignites and climbs back to Mother Parent Flame. MONAD as The Triple spirit. The "Atma." The Spirit in prime does not descend below the Monadic level. In its second outpouring, it does. Intuitive Divine Wisdom. Then, steps down again to physical. SPIRIT/INTELLECT/INTUITION. Ego and Causal Body. The High Self. The Soul. Ego as the imperfect manifestation of the Monadic Self. Descent equals drops into veiled zones...destiny levels. The human being cannot grasp The Monad...but can use a three way depiection to catch a glimpse of a fraction of The Monad. The Intuitive Mind is but a fraction of the Monad's Truth. DIMUNITION. The Veiled Fractional Monad is The Ego. Ego to Monad as Personality to Ego. Fractionalization. Fragments considering the whole. "Soul" The Magnificat. Higher Self vs Soul...semantics. I SOUL MAGNIFY I SPIRIT REJOICE I SERVICE TO CREATOR. The High Self. Educate Higher Self to be more Compassionate! LOL. This is about OPENING THE LOWER SELF for THE HIGHER SELF TO ACCESS. Theosophy. Every point of view. Association with Higher Masters... by Proxy!!! Summary: The True Effulgent Glory of Light so surpasses the momentary astral travels of the human in toddler infancy that one becomes disinterested altogether and thinks it a fanciful playground mostly. This takes a being into Illumination. Reader may see here that LeadBeater is commiserating across the ages for those that find a plane of TrueBliss, and then resolve to return in Dutiful surrender, and then ALSO refuse to fall to the luxury of self deprecating DEPRESSION because of the contrast. Death, a misnomer. Fear, unnecessary. THE MONADIC REALITY supersedes the third dimension. Oh. That a being achieving the "mental plane" also is relieved of some temptation simply because the Bliss is more pure at the new level. There is no deception...and there is no space of time necessary between communications. Having achieved any level of Buddha Consciousness, the being finds itself comprehending the all. At once, the lower mind suggests attaching followers by way of automatic withdrawal from the ATM card! Aha! But this is not Monadic Cionsciousness...but the pull of the lower mind against it. The works continue. Eventually, the evolution is such that Unity is achieved in state and realized. In full, the unity energy permits reconciliation and acknowledgement of deeper issues unraveling. The Truth has set us Free. The Way is The Way of Service. Each new level of consciousness seems the effulgent all encompassing...until the next is espied yet again! "Universe City." ~ The Buddhic Bodhi is not self centered and loves Beauty in all forms. Because the Learner gained "magnification" through partial fulfillment towards Illumination/Enlightenment, his/her lens was enlarged. The broader lens...like a bigger drop of water to contain the entire world, now recalled the very same memories differently. More intensely...more ...clearly. Today's Universe Cities, captured in varying degrees by the dollar and yet with Thrones and Virtues there above ...yet... guarding...have driven off the young people with the categorical unfree teachings of money...and money. They have rightly thrown off their bad teachers, but also the bath water of True Life as "Learning Ongoing"... is the actual premise of Life. We must return the Joy of Learning that the Learners "Eye" can grow to see Truth. The individual used his 3d pressure to avail the Higher Self to rise within him. A dangerous way to go...most (99%) would not achieve Illumination this way. The "roughness' of the new consciousness is survivable to the well trained awareness. At some point, roughness, become the sand paper that rubs away trauma and programming. The resultant state is not describable in words. Leadbeater describes mediumship and channeling as opposed to conscious guided messaging. He insists the subject being present and active is critical...or the process opens to all manner of entity. Likewise, he states that people ought not simply take a non corporeal entity's word on anything...but should seek merit in all things. Many attune to non corporeal as superior...but that is NOT ALWAYS THE CASE DESPITE A HIUGHER REALM. Skepticism blindly forbids, while passivity blindly submits ...neither are suggestible. The refined states at higher levels a re absolutely more potent than the lower ones in terms of beauty...that does not make the speaker from that level more profound necessarily at all. MEDITATION. Higher Consciousness. Concentration, Meditation, and Contemplation. Acquiring perfect concentration. Wandering thoughts are trouble. Being an Incarnation of Love, Power, and Wisdom. Unifying our consciousness with Great Spirit. Reaching Upward! Capability to Receive higher consciousness. The Lower Self which stands in the way of the Higher Self. Humility and Alignment. Relapse in "FeelGood." Vagueness and Looseness of thought become the adversary. When groups tend to the same thought pattern, it creates a strain in the ether...as well as the astral and several mental worlds. All must hold from Wander...though. The Wandering Mind is the who that places the group on strain...breaks the circle. At the moment, syndicated "News" controls the minds of the wandering populaces...not joined focused Conscious climbing, growing...but instead...repulsing at the new ...hiding in the old...in desperation. MANIFESTATIONS OF OCCULT FORCE. An inner side that is rarely equaled. A crowd without unity that was unified suddenly and unexplainably by higher thought. Utter exaltation. Wholesale conversions, uplifting of the soul. The assembling of ourselves on a higher plane. COLLECTIVE MEDITATION. But the average man does not have the ability to think. THE WORLD NEEDS THESE THINKERS. At will communications with The Angels and the so-called dead... force, precision, higher life energies... All doubt and sorrow dissipate and a being lifts into a higher state that is more Serviceable to the being's fellow creatures. LeadBeater was vehement about being SERVICEABLE TO OUR FELLOW CREATURES. Of Note: All persons occupying the GrandMother Gaia EarthSpace ...may... come to envision the Monadic Self. How? Tongue in cheek is "Look Up!" haha...but it is in fact a vertical distance twixt our Monadic hence Angelic Selves and our material person-beings on Keystone ground zero = Terra Firma. In doing so, the evidence blasts one in the chops... we see our Angelic Being Self ...and really cant find discouragement ever again! ;) References and Bibliography : (Lodge~Higher Plane~The Morphic Resonant Field~EarthAngel) This is about THE HIGHER PLACE of ... US. Thank you, Tigre El.